Laura blood work is a little low for her age range in the Serrum Ferritin being in 10ug/L with the lower limits for her age being no less than 12ug/ L. But her Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin level at 1.36umol/L RBC with the lower limits being no more than 1.24umol/L RBC. 5. When Laura discovers that her iron is low, she immediately makes dietary changes.…
Khorn is a 69-year-old male diagnosed with hemochromatosis (E83.11), along with a history of cirrhosis, alcohol abuse, pain, and iron overload syndrome. Khorn initial ferritin lever was over 4400 and started on a monthly Phlebotomy schedule, however, without an adequate response started on chelation therapy. His ferritin level improved however increased again; still his ferritin level is not ideal or within normal range. Khorn’s recent lab work reveals his ferritin level at 2,795, Hgb 9.9, Hct 34.6, Platelet 75, MCV 70, MCH 20, MCHC 28.6, and RDW 20.7. Khorn will experience a clinical benefit from Exjade and this medication is crucial to assist in regulation of his Ferritin levels.…
(2009). Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia. ASH Education Book, 1, 73-79. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.73 Garrison, C. (2009). Iron disorders institute guide to anemia.…
Renal complications Renal damage is almost inevitable in sickle-cell disease. There is a strong tendency for HbS to polymerise in the renal medulla, because of the low partial pressure of oxygen, the low pH, and the high osmolality causing erythrocyte dehydration. The consequent vaso-occlusion causes renal infarction with papillary necrosis, and medullary fibrosis with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Other complications include haematuria, renal medullary carcinoma, nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting), and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis may occur. Neurological complications Complications occur in 25% of patients, Sickle-cell anaemia is one of the most common causes of stroke in children.…
You’ve recently been diagnosed with bone marrow failure. Originally you visited your physician because you had begun to feel exhaustion, even after doing the smallest of household chores. Then you started noticing that your attention span was faltering and you were beginning to experience a malaise that you couldn’t attribute to your life’s events. You knew something was amiss, so you scheduled a visit with your family physician.…
When Hydroxyurea is taken daily, it reduces the frequency of painful crisis and may reduce the need for blood transfusions for Sickle Cell patients. Hydroxyurea works by stimulating production of fetal hemoglobin, which is the type of hemoglobin found in newborns that help prevent formation of Sickle cells. Although this medicine sounds like good thing for Sickle Cell patients, there are some concerns that with long term use, it will increase infections. There are also some concerns that it can cause tumors or leukemia in certain…
Identify the disease process presented by the case study as well as the normal structure and function of the organ system and/or physiological process that has the alteration. Shawn, the main character of “The Uniformed Coach” scenario has sickle cell disease (SCD) and is suffering from a sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell disease is a form of hemolytic anemia that is inherited; being caused by an abnormal hemoglobin molecule. There are several forms of SCD but the most severe is simply called sickle cell anemia; the dysfunctional hemoglobin molecule, called hemoglobin S (Hb S), assumes an unusual shape when it is subject to deoxygenation or dehydration (McCance & Huether, 2014). In a normal person, all hemoglobin molecules are shaped like…
Introduction Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that can be best described as irregular shaped red blood cells that block blood flow, which cause chronic periodic episodes of pain. Sickle Cells affects over 72,000 Americans and millions throughout the world, Sickle cell most commonly affect African American descent, approximately 1 in 12 African Americans carry the trait for Sickle cell and 1 of every 350 African-American infants born have the disorder and the incidence of the disorder in Africa is ten times higher (AAFP,2000). This paper will highlight background information, causes, diagnosis and discuss several treatment and therapies of Sickle cell disease and why African American are largely affected by this disease. Background…
Abstract Approximately 100,000 individuals live with sickle cell disease (SCD) in the United States (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016). SCD is a genetic blood disorder (CDC, 2016) characterized by acute painful episodes. According to Nouraie & Gordeuk (2015) patients with SCD visit the emergency department 190,000 times annually and are admitted in the hospital 110,000 times per year.…
Identify one intervention that can be taken by the RN to reduce the stigma and improve management of acute and chronic pain associated with Sickle Cell Disease, (SCD). One intervention that comes to my mind after reading the articles would be recognizing the cues to an acute pain episode and responding appropriately and in a timely manner (Jenerette & Ataga, 2014). By doing so, it could help manage the chronic pain associated with sickle cell disease. Patients with SCD are often stigmatized as addicted to opioids, disbelieved or mistrusted regarding reports of pain and not being allowed to participate in their own health care (Jenerette & Ataga, 2014).…
Sickle cell crisis is an acute condition of sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic condition. Both parents must be carriers of the gene in order for a baby to be born with sickle cell anemia. In the United States, the gene predominantly affects black people of African decent. Sickle cell anemia is a disease where there is an inadequate number of healthy red blood cell throughout the body.…
Scientist are continuing to prevail in finding treatments and they have been able to find new experimental treatments that can help reduce the pain of sickle cell anemia. These experimental treatments include gene therapy, nitric oxide, statins, and drugs to help boost fetal hemoglobin blood cell…
According to the article “Managing Sickle Cell Disease”, sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder affecting the red blood cells. The disease causes the red blood cells to become rigid and half-moon shaped, resulting in obstruction of capillary blood flow. Decreased oxygen to the tissues results in pain. The disease is inherited and has the greatest prevalence among Black Americans and Hispanics in the United States. Inheritance is autosomal recessive and results in production of sickle hemoglobin S instead of…
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder that causes normal red blood cells to form into an irregular shape, called sickled-cells. The sickle cell gene causes the body to produce abnormal hemoglobin. After a while, the hemoglobin will then cluster together anywhere in the body causing the blockage of blood flow through the blood vessels. This blockage deprives the tissues and blood of oxygen which can lead to many difficulties and problems. SCD becomes life-threatening when the damaged red blood cells begin to breakdown, when the spleen does not work properly or at all, or when it is unable to prevent infections from coming in.…
Penicillin is antibiotic that help prevents infections. It reduces the chances of having severe infections caused by pneumococcus bacteria in children, but some doctors stop the medicine after the age of 5. People that have had their spleen removed or people with hemoglobin SS or Sb thalassemia generally continue the antibiotic throughout their lives (“How is Sickle Cell Disease Treated?”). The next medicine that is commonly used when treating sickle cell disease is known as Hydroxyurea. It is very beneficial to most people but 40% of patients do not respond which results in progressive organ failure (Vichinsky).…