The effect of altering temperature on the rate of liver enzyme activity is measured in this experiment to be able to visualize how temperature in the environment and in the body can manipulate the rate of enzyme activity. Enzymes are protein catalysts that lower the amount of activation energy required to start a biochemical reaction. According to Dr. Meyertholen (2015), enzymes are structured to work with certain substrates, meaning that the structure determines the function of the enzyme. If the enzymes shape is altered, they become denatured. Denaturation of an enzyme can occur with changes in factors such as temperature, pH, or salinity.…
We first needed to collect all the proper materials to conduct the tests on our unknown bacterial sample. To begin the lab, we had to collect a nonpathogenic bacterial sample by swabbing an item or surface inside the biology building with a sterile cotton swab. Our lab group decided to swab a Sharpie permanent marker left at our lab station inside our lab room. We then opened a petri dish and smeared the swab across the surface of the agar several times. Once the bacteria was on the agar, we closed the lid immediately, hoping to prevent microorganisms in the air from contaminating our sample.…
Our cells usually make toxic byproducts however they use enzymes to break them down into harmless chemicals. When an excess amount of H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) is formed in the cell during metabolism/cell respiration catalase enzymes are utilized to break down the toxic chemical into oxygen gas and water. An experiment was conducted was to see if the Ph level affected the rate of which the catalase broke down hydrogen peroxide. A hypothesis was created, which stated that if the ph was lower than the control than the rate of hydrogen peroxide decomposition would be greater. In the experiment there were three trials, a control, a high level ph, and a low level…
The focus of this lab was to identify an unknown organism based on its characteristics and the results from each of the tests. There will be various of test to choose from in order to identify the unknown organism, which will eliminate numerous possibilities and narrow it down to one. All the fundamental skills that we have learned and practiced in the lab will be used to perform on our unknown such as aseptic technique, microscopic examination, the use of differential media, and determining if it’s positive or negative. Performing aseptic techniques is the most crucial step that requires the utilizing of transferring, inoculating, and storing bacterial cultures and media. Aseptic technique is defined as procedures that prevent contamination…
In this part of the lab, we pour 20 mL of Hydrogen Peroxide and 1 mL of yeast catalase in the reaction chamber and then submerge it in the water bath. After it was done, it can be concluded that the gas levels increased because when we first started timing it, the gas levels were at 76, but as time went by, the gas levels started to increase and in the end of the last interval, the gas level increased all the way up to 100. This result occurred because there were many active sites that were empty for the substrate to bind to and since they binded to the active sites, it started increasing a lot at the beginning. However, when the active sites started getting more occupied, the substrate could not bind to as much active sites, so the gas levels started to increase alittle less as time went on and in the end, there was no active sites that were…
This lab seeks to create an effective buffer with a specific pH value which has the ability to be applied in different fields whether it be for consumers or experiments. Buffer are solutions of a weak acid and its strong conjugate base. The addition of an acid to a buffer causes the equilibrium to shift to the left due to the buffer attaching to the H+ ions which keep the amount of hydronium from increasing. The addition of a base to the buffer causes the equilibrium to shift to the right as hydronium reacts with the base creating water leading to the need to replace the hydronium that was neutralized. Through the creation of acetate buffers with varying amounts of HA and A-, different solutions of acid and base can be added to determine the…
The higher the concentration of the enzyme catalase, the function of the enzyme occurs better. As the number of disks increased, the concentration increased. Catalase breaks the hydrogen peroxide down quickly at the beginning of the experiment as catalase is a very fast enzyme that breaks down H2O2. The rate of reaction increased and the amount of absolute pressure increase. The enzyme…
The problem I was trying to solve was, “How different levels of pH effect Catalase?”. We thought that catalase would function best at a level of 7 pH because this is neutral level of pH. If we test amount of oxygen released over 10 minutes by catalase at the pH levels of 5, 7, and 9, then the catalase should function best at the pH level of 7 because 7 is the neutral pH level, which means that it will donate the least protons and electrons to the catalase. The more acidic the catalase is, the more protons it gets, and these protons denature the catalase. The more basic the catalase is, the more electrons will be donated to the catalase, which would also cause the catalase to be denatured. I also thought that pH 7 would work best because according…
During the first lab period, The gram stain show that the unknown bacteria was a gram neative rod shaped microbe. After this step was established, this next part was to select the best tests and mediums to determine the unknown bacteria. This medium are use to test the metabolic characteristics of the unknown bacteria. In order to identify the unknown bacteria from other bacterias the following medium was used: MSA plate, SIM plate, nitrate reduction test Nutrient gelatin and Urease broth. For Metabolic tests, only Catalase test were performed on the unknown bacteria.…
The purpose of this experiment is to discover which environmental factors, the independent variables, are most optimal for enzyme functionality and how they affect enzyme functionality. Enzymes help speed up chemical reactions in the body and lower the activation energy to do so. Enzymes can also aid with metabolism and digestion. They can break down larger molecules to smaller molecules that are more easily absorbed by the body. A substrate is the reactant that is acted upon by an enzyme in a chemical reaction.…
My groups lab went very well and there were no problems. we were told to place a circular disk of filter paper in the catalase called yeast. Then once we dipped the film paper in the catalase in hydrogen peroxide and time how long it would take for the film paper to reach the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution. We would do 4 trials for each type of hydrogen peroxide. The 3 types of hydrogen peroxide that we used were 3.0%, 1.5%, and 0.75%.…
The third condition studied is the effect of different pH’s on enzyme activity. We repeated the procedure for pH2, pH 8, and pH 10 and record all our readings( Biology Department, 2015). In the end we created data tables for each condition such as effect of enzyme concentration, temperature, and pH by adding them my baseline data for that condition. Then we created three separate graphs showing the effects of peroxidase activity at various enzyme concentrations, temperature and…
Discussion In this study, the Catechol enzyme was studied under the conditions of varying pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration. In Figure 1, the data suggested that the trend was neither directly nor inversely proportional, but the highest activity rate was at 24°C. Most enzymes denatured at higher temperatures of approximately 40°C, which led to the inability to see any color change (Helms et al., 1998). At lower temperatures, the enzyme was somewhat efficient because molecules move slower at lower temperatures, so enzymes lost productivity.…
The prediction for this experiment was: when the temperature hits 80 degrees Celsius, the catechol will be at its optimal absorbance. The alternate hypothesis tested for this following experiment was that there is a significant relationship between catechol and pH. In contrast, the null hypothesis states that there is no significant relationship between catechol and oxidase and pH. This hypothesis will be supported if the rate of catechol oxidase does not increase. The hypothesis was tested by observing the reaction time of catechol oxidase at four different…
Abstract The purpose of this investigation is to determine whether the temperature can affect the reaction rate of enzyme activity. The enzyme activity was measured by five different temperatures, separated in tubes which later got measured by their height of foam after 10 minutes. Freshly-prepared potato juice was used as the enzyme for catalase. Since temperature is measured by the kinetic energy of molecules, the higher the temperature, the more movement of molecules.…