Meat samples (n=5) included: ground beef, and grass fed ground beef, store-prepared burger patty meat, 98% ground turkey, and rib eye steak. Grain samples (n=26) included: bulgur, couscous, wheat berries, oats, rye berries, brown flax, pearl quinoa, red quinoa, millet, buckwheat, amaranth, while popcorn, yellow popcorn, farro, barley, spelt, brown rice, cornstarch, corn meal, corn flakes, chia, multigrain cereal, corn grits, sorghum, teff, multigrain infant cereal. Milk samples (n=5) included: cow’s milk (fat free, low fat (1%), reduced fat (2%), and whole milk), and goat’s milk. Samples of livestock feed used for cows and pigs on a Rutgers University farm were also analyzed and include: heifer feed, sow gestational feed, pig grower feed, pig creep feed, pig lactation feed. (See online supplemental material). Specific protocols to prepare each food item were followed, as per R-BioPharm’s assay
Meat samples (n=5) included: ground beef, and grass fed ground beef, store-prepared burger patty meat, 98% ground turkey, and rib eye steak. Grain samples (n=26) included: bulgur, couscous, wheat berries, oats, rye berries, brown flax, pearl quinoa, red quinoa, millet, buckwheat, amaranth, while popcorn, yellow popcorn, farro, barley, spelt, brown rice, cornstarch, corn meal, corn flakes, chia, multigrain cereal, corn grits, sorghum, teff, multigrain infant cereal. Milk samples (n=5) included: cow’s milk (fat free, low fat (1%), reduced fat (2%), and whole milk), and goat’s milk. Samples of livestock feed used for cows and pigs on a Rutgers University farm were also analyzed and include: heifer feed, sow gestational feed, pig grower feed, pig creep feed, pig lactation feed. (See online supplemental material). Specific protocols to prepare each food item were followed, as per R-BioPharm’s assay