The myelin sheath speeds up the movement of neural impulses in an axon by covering it in a layer of fatty tissue. This is necessary due to the fact that some axons can range up to several feet long through the body. The Reticular Formation If a minion constantly scratches Mr. Cava’s nose, and does not stop, the reticular formation may come into play.…
The treatment works by decreasing levels of the bad immune chemicals and making white cell membranes more pliable. Steroids can also help by reducing the swelling around the MS lesions, which causes better nerve transmission through the damaged area. (Steroids, MS Drugs). Kathy was experiencing common issues associated with multiple sclerosis, symptoms such as numbness and weakness or loss of muscle movement. These problems are due to the loss of myelin sheath around axons in the CNS, the impulses are not being properly communicated.…
Anatomy review for the nervous system - Week 12 Study Guide 1. Distinguish the difference between neuron, neuroglial cells, Schwann cells, neurofibrils, and astrocytes. Neuron: masses of nerve cells in nervous tissue Neuroglial Cells: provide neurons physiological requirements (fill spaces, give support to neurons) Schwann Cells: larger axons of peripheral neurons enclosed in sheaths Neurofibrils: thin, long fibrils that run through body of neuron and extends to axon and dendrites; gives neuron shape and support Astrocytes: cells found between neurons; provide structural support 2. What is the difference between dendrites and axons?…
Peek-a-boo is a game that most parents and/or caregivers will play with their babies. It stimulates the baby’s senses, builds gross motor skills, strengthens their visual tracking, and encourages their social development. Most babies will develop this at around the age of 3-5 months. It signals that the baby is making leaps in cognitive development- in their memory and ability to think abstractly. When the caregiver plays peek-a-boo with the baby, they first cover their eyes and then remove their hands from their eyes and reveal their face.…
Neurons are one of the most important cells in living animals. There are billions of neurons throughout our bodies, especially the brain which is the control house of the body. Neurons are what help us see, hear, taste, and feel sensation. This is all do to a critical phenomenon known as action potential. Action potential is caused by a change in various ions, specifically sodium and potassium.…
Topic: Understanding the Key Aspects of the Brain and the Nervous System. The entire human body activity relies on the brain function, in this first section of this report I will try to discuss the major structures, the functions as well as the major methods of studying the brain. The brain is in charge of all body functions, such as the ability to make decisions, do activities, learning and all everyday life stuff. The brain is situated in the skull protected by brain blood fluid.…
Multiple Sclerosis - Kellie McThenia Multiple Sclerosis involves an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body 's immune system is directed against the central nervous system. Within the central nervous system or CNS, the myelin sheath (fatty substance that surrounds the nerve fibers) is attacked by the immune system. This forms scar tissue, or sclerosis (scler/ o meaning hard, -osis meaning abnormal condition or disease). The damaged or destroyed myelin sheath or nerve fibers results in interrupted nerve impulses to the brain, which leads to a variety of symptoms that will be discussed later in this paper.…
1. The peripheral nervous system, which is divided into the sensory and motor divisions, is involved in physical sensation. Sensory impulses move though the body by being stimulated by a receptor in the skin. It then travels to the sensory neurons and through the afferent fibers, were it will end up at the spinal cord as well as the brain.…
In recent years, researchers have been able to identify which immune cells are mounting the attack, some of the factors that cause them to attack, and some of the sites (receptors) on the attacking cells that appear to be attracted to the myelin to begin the destructive process. Ongoing efforts to learn more about the immune-mediated process in MS — what sets it in motion, how it works, and how to slow or stop it — are bringing us closer to understanding the cause of MS.” In recent findings research has identified which of the immune cells were attacking, and some of the factors that cause them to attack. The infectious factor is one the scientists believe come from numerous viruses and bacteria during childhood.…
Glial Cells are supporting cells in the nervous system (central nervous system [CNS] and peripheral nervous system [PNS]) which aid in the efficiency of neural operations in the nervous system, (Carlson, 2013). Carlson (2013, p.36) indicates the general functions of the glial cells as: keeping neurons in place; supplying neurons with nutrients and the chemicals needed to communicate with each other; protecting neurons from each other to promote coherent messages; and “destroying and removing the carcasses of neurons that are killed by disease or injury.” These functions are carried out by three types of Glial cells in the central nervous system (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglial cells); together with Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, (House & Palmer, 1996). Hence, Glial cells do not directly partake in the electrical signaling in the…
Dead and dying nerve cells contain tangles, which are made up of twisted strands of another protein. Scientists are not positive of what causes cell death and tissue loss in the Alzheimer 's brain, but plaques and tangles seem to be the cause. Plaques are formed by protein pieces called beta-amyloid. Beta-amyloid comes from a larger protein found in the fatty membrane surrounding nerve cells. Beta-amyloid is chemically "sticky" and gradually builds up into plaques.…
Larger myelinated axons tend to be faster and the speed of action potentials can range from 0.2 meters per second to 120 meters per second. Myelin is a fatty substance that help in speeding up action…
Mathew Issac Issac 1 Professor Batorsky WRT 101 11/30/2016 Brain Development Does the question " Why is he/she smarter than me? " brush through your mind whenever you see that someone always gets better grades than you do? Brain development is affected by certain factors that include both physiological as well as environmental. However, the influence of these factors must be equalized for maximum brain functionality. The brain is considered as many things at once by different people.…
Learning has the power to transform all of us. We have the opportunity to shape and mold our minds into learning whatever we desire. It wasn’t until my first semester of college that I learned what the six stages of learning are and how our emotions affect our learning. Emotion is the on and off switch for learning. It’s important for us to understand this process and how we learn biologically.…
When I thought about connecting biology with another class I am taking, my first thought was to connect it with math. Math is used quite frequently in Biology. However, I chose to take a different approach. The other day in psychology class, I realized I could connect my class to biology in many ways. Biology is the study of life while psychology is the study of the mind and behavior.…