Chapter 5 Dispute: Humans and Sharks both have four gill arches as embryos, but the germ layers and arches develop into unrelated structure in each organism My Dispute Statement: Both sharks and humans develop gill arches when enveloped in the embryo, with the arches creating very similar structures and functions in both. In humans during conception, 4 swellings appear on the throat area. These swellings called arches develop to create many of the structures and functions inside the head.…
The Atlantic spotted dolphin is a mammal that is a part of the cetacean family. When it comes to appearance, these dolphins have a grayish skin color with dark and light spots scattered all around the body. When they are born, they are just gray, however as they get older they begin to form spot which appear to increase in number as they get older. Once the Atlantic spotted dolphin is fully matured, it will reach a maximum length of 7 ½ ft and can way over 300 pounds. The females usually weigh 20 pounds less than the males.…
The Chordata is the third largest phylum in the kingdom Animalia. Chordates are bilaterally symmetrical; meaning one half of their body is a reflection of the other half. The Chordata phylum has several general characteristics unique to only this organization of creatures. The first is pharyngeal slits, which are openings behind the head that connect to the throat. These are known as gills in some chordates.…
Could you imagine a 40 foot, 8 ton animal on the planet? Your answer is as good as mine. No. But almost 100 million years ago this animal, Giganotosaurus, also known as "giant southern lizard" existed. The Giganotosaurus, lived in the Cretaceous period about 95-100 million years ago.…
The Cambrian explosion is perhaps one of the most impactful events in evolutionary history, it gives way to present day animals in fossilized forms which we now use to understand a time period that was much more complex. The period occurred 535-525 million years ago, and was a time where the majority of animals were soft bodied and appeared to be grazers, suspension feeders as well as scavengers. The Cambrian explosion occurred and with it extinctions of many of the soft bodied animals. Those soft bodied animals that had survived, quickly adapted into predators due to their new developmental genes as well as their morphological innovations such as, new defense adaptations, sharp spines, and heavy body armor. With the extinction and adaptations…
Tetraodontiforme is an order of the Acanthomorpha taxon, which primarily consists of spiny, ray finned fish with unsegmented spines (Tyler, et al., 2007). Out of the 16,000 species of…
The power of emotion: compassion In Marina Keegan’s essay, Why We Care About Whales, Marina claims on how humans value the life of humans and the life of non-human animals. The essay starts with a social occurrence of emerging beached whales. A natural force that is created by the movement of both the moon and the Earth push whales to the beach. While giving a detailed, vivid explanation of how beached whales die, Marina maximizes the sadness and lamentation of whales’ deaths. Furthermore, she describes her anecdote, which was happened at the beach in front of her house.…
Killer Whales are a very large and strong breed of marine mammals that belong to the dolphin family that can grow up to ten meters long and can weigh up to six tons. Theses whales are a highly social species that are very intelligent with an excellent sense of hearing and have developed highly complex communication systems. Killer whales are immediately recognizable by their distinctive black-and-white coloring, when you see these magnificent creatures many people immediately get the idea of Shamu from SeaWorld and the tricks they preform, most people don’t remember that that captivity is limiting the whale’s freedom and life. Captivity is not only taking away and damaging these animals mental and physical health, it is also playing a role in taking the lives of the trainers that risk their lives swimming with killer whales just to make a profit for SeaWorld.…
Chordates, which is the phylum or classification of fish and mammals of the sea, are the most developed marine organisms. Scientists believe that Chordates originated about 590 million years ago. The original organisms of the Chordata phylum are believed to have lacked skeletal structures, and therefore, left a very undetermined fossil record. The vertebrate fossil record begins approximately 400 million years ago. Early Chordates were tunicates, marine organisms that would frequently form large colonies through asexual reproduction, a process of reproduction where an organism does not need a partner in order to achieve fertilization.…
In Neil Shubins’ “Your Inner Fish: A Journey Into the 3.5-Billion-Year History of the Human Body”, he takes the audience on the journey of the discovery and history of how different organisms and adaptations have converged to form a relationship between fish and tetrapods. Shubins first relates the evolutionary fact that humans and other forms of “tetrapods’ major body systems have developed from fish and sharks” (20), through his time on the field as a paleontologist. He describes his multiple experiences of planning, preparing, excavating, and analyzing not only the fossils found by his team, but also where and when in the rock these artifacts were found. His research and expenditures led to discoveries of bones and fossils that he would…
Literature Review of Class Bivalves 1. Introduction Freshwater and marine bivalves Taxonomy, ecological value, economical value, current Issues, current threats 2. Taxonomy According to Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, the Bivalves class was divided into six subclasses which cover 13 orders.…
Sharks have no bones and that ’s one of the reasons that sharks have so many rows of teeth. They have no jawbone so when they try to chomp fish the many teeth help them. Their teeth also have no roots which is another…
The picture is showing the natures' magazine with a fossilized fish and a tagline that said "When Fins Became Limbs" on its cover. Assuming the content must be the relationship between the swimming fish and the early land-living animals. The magazine cover is Tiktaalik, and it is intermediate between fish and the primitive land-living animal (tetrapod). And the picture connection to the relevant chapter is that, the first chapter talks about how paleontologists try to find the fossil that shows the transition between the fish and the four limbs tetrapod, which is Tiktaalik.…
ollectively known as “leaf turtles,” the species names in the following list demonstrate one of the weaknesses of common names. In both appearance and range, these species are diverse even as they are all native to Asia: 1. Cyclemys dentata (Asian leaf turtle, aka Brown stream terrapin); 2. Cyclemys tcheponensis (Stripe-necked leaf turtle); 3. Geoemyda spengleri (Black-breasted leaf turtle or Chinese leaf turtle, aka Vietnamese Wood Turtle); 4.…
Cosmoid scales – *Cosmoid scales were found in ancient crossopterygian fishes of Devonian period. *The only living member with cosmoid scale is represented by the genus Latimeria. *Cosmoid scale is regarded as the precursor of the ganoid, placoid and the bony scales of the modern teleosts.…