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1. What is cracking?
• Breaking down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller hydrocarbons.
2. Why is cracking important?
• Large hydrocarbon molecules are not useful as fuels as they have high boiling points do not burn easily and are difficult to vaporise. Cracking long chained molecules into short chained molecules makes them more useful.
3. What type of reaction does cracking involve?
• Thermal decomposition
The long chained hydrocarbons are being broken down into short chained hydrocarbons in a high temperature.
4. What are the products of cracking?
• Alkanes and alkenes.
5. How is cracking carried out?
• Alkane is heated then vaporised and passed over a hot catalyst or mixed with steam.
6. What are alkenes?
• Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain a carbon to carbon double bond (C=C).
7. What is the general formula for alkenes?
• CnH2n
8. What is the test for an alkene?
• Alkenes will react with bromine water decolourising it turning it from orange to colourless.
9. What is a monomer?
• Small alkene molecules
10. What is a polymer?
• Very large molecules made up of monomers.
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