Bromine

A novel solid-phase synthesis methodology of N-substituted-2-aminothiazolo[4,5-b]pyrazine derivatives was developed. The key step in this synthesis strategy is tandem reaction of isothiocyanate terminated resin 2 with o-halo-2-aminopyrazine, affording cyclized 2-aminothiazolo[4,5-b]pyrazine resin 4. To increase the diversity of our library, Suzuki coupling reaction was performed at the position C6. Further functionalization of 2-aminothiazolo[4,5-b]pyrazine core skeleton with various…

The problem that has occurred for many housewives are the rusting and tarnishing of the metal cookware’s. The product that would be sold would be a set of stainless steel cookware’s since it is not easily stained and corroded which is sustainable and good qualitied for long durability. It would save time from scrubbing the rust off as well as spending money to buy new cookware’s when they can be easily broken again. Rusting is a type of chemical change, it occurs when oxygen reacts with iron…

2,6-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)anthracene (D1) 2,6‐Dibromoanthracene (2.00 g, 6.46 mmol) 1, bis(pinacolato)diboron (4.16 g, 16.16 mmol), PdCl2 (dppf) (0.164 g, 26.38 mmol), and potassium acetate (KOAc) (2.5 g, 26.38 mmol) were added to a Schlenk flask and kept under vacuum for 10 min. Under an argon flow, anhydrous 1, 4‐dioxane (40 mL) was added to the resulting mixture, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, heated at 80 °C, and further stirred for 20 h…

What if there was not a single animal on earth, what would the people do? Climate change is creating a turn of events for animals that live within a specific climate or area. With the change in climate taking its toll on the animal kingdom, causing them not only to move and adapt to there surroundings climate change is causing many of them to die out. Climate change really picked up during the industrialization era when factories started open up and more and more gasoline engines came onto the…

km above the surface of the earth called the Ozone layer. It protects life on earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Today the ozone layer is depleting due to the release of pollution containing chemicals chlorine and bromine. Such deterioration allows large amounts of UV B rays to reach Earth1 seen in figure 1, which can cause many harmful internal and external effects on humans. Although it has been proven that the depletion of the ozone layer has caused health…

If a compound is an electrolyte it conducts electricity by breaking down into ions when dissolved into a solution. A non-electrolyte compound does not dissociate in solution. A non-electrolyte compound cannot conduct electricity because it dissolves in solution as molecules instead of ions. Colligative properties are properties of a solution that depend on the amount of solute dissolved, and not dependent on the identity of the solute. The colligative properties studied in this current…

Ethyl vinyl ether was used to protect –OH on glycidol based on a literature reported protocal.59 In a typical procedure, 0.675 mol glycidol and 200 mL ethyl vinyl ether were loaded in a round-bottom flask, to which 1.25 g TsOH was then added. The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature (RT) for 3h. The resulting mixture was then purified by washing with 100 ml saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO3 for 3 times. The organic layer obtained was dried by MgSO4. After filtration of MgSO4,…

Air pollution is one of the many problems the world faces. There are different types of pollution: visible or invisible. Air pollution is due to many causes. For example, greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide, the main pollutant that is warming the Earth and is produced from the breath of living beings and the burning of fossil fuels; methane, which comes from swamps and gas emitted by livestock; and chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, which were used in refrigerants and aerosol propellants until…

Using a specific example discuss a possible target for the development of anti-mycobacterial therapeutics ATP synthase is a main enzyme used to produce ATP in respiration of a cell. It makes use of a proton gradient in the mitochondrial cell membrane to generate ATP. By transporting protons back across the membrane, using ADP and a phosphate ion to create ATP. Normally most bacteria can gain enough ATP to grow optimally through substrate level phosphorylation, however it has been shown that M.…

components are known and are accessible to the public through the website fracfocus.org, which organizes most of fracking fluids components into files that are accessed by a user typing in a location to view the nearest wellsite’s formula, with exceptions to the chemicals label “trade secret.” The most important component of fracking fluid is water, which makes up most of the composition of fracking fluid. Water is the most important part of fracking fluid, because it is the component that…