Chirality

Discussion and Conclusion Stereoisomers are isomers that have the same molecular skeleton but different three-dimensional orientations. Stereoisomers are broken up into two subcategories; conformational isomers and configurational isomers. Conformational isomers are interconverted between each other through bond rotation, which can only occur with single bonds. Configurational isomers are all other isomers that cannot be interconverted through bond rotation alone. These isomers can further be divided into enantiomers and diastereomers. Enantiomers are molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other. Diastereomers are every other configurational isomer. Enantiomers are chiral, which often means they have a center of chirality, also known as a stereocenter. A stereocenter is often a carbon atom bonded to four different substituents. The physical and chemical properties of enantiomers are the same as long as they are in an achiral environment. However, they differ in optical rotation, the rotation of plane-polarized light, with one being negative and the other being positive of the same degrees. The observed rotation is dependent upon several factors: the concentration of the sample, the path length of the cell containing the sample, the solvent, the chiral compound, the temperature and the wavelength of light used. If the rotation is clockwise, it is dextrorotatory, or rotating in the positive direction. If it is counterclockwise, it is levorotatory, or…

An object is chiral if it has a non-superimposable mirror image. Our hands are mirror images that cannot be superimposed on each other therefore they are chiral. There are objects that do have a superimposable mirror image, like a drinking glass or ball and these are known to be achiral (Morris Hein, 2013). A carbon compound needs to have four different atoms or groups attached to at least one carbon atom for it to be classified as chiral (Timberlake, 2009). Chiral compounds are also called…

Internships provide real life experience in the work field. It enables us to get the hands on experience of working in the real world. When getting a job after graduating, an employer wants us to have an experience and not what we learned from the textbooks. Doing an internship helps us get a hands on experience in the real world and help us to socialize and network with the people around us of the same field. Working with Chirality Research Inc. I got a hands on experience while dealing with…

Chirality is a geometric property of some molecules and ions. A chiral molecule/ion is non- superimposable on its mirror image. The presence of an asymmetric carbon atom is one of several structural features that induce chirality in organic and inorganic molecules. Many biologically active molecules are chiral, including the naturally occurring amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and sugars. In biological systems, most of these compounds are of the same chirality: most amino acids are…

One of the most important physical properties of molecules is their chirality, or lack thereof which is known as achirality. Chirality is defined as the ability of a molecule to exist in two no superimposable images called enantiomers. This means that achirality is the opposite, in which molecule is superimposable on its mirror image. When two molecules are related in the fact that they are stereoisomers of each other, but are not mirror images. In nature chiral molecules do not exist in their…

superimpose them. Similarly, there are objects or compounds that are non-supersuperimposable. These types of objects are known as chiral objects or chiral compound. However, there are many compounds or objects, such as a sphere, that is identical to with its mirror image and it is also superimposable on it. This type of compounds/objects is called achiral compound/object. Therefore, asymmetry of a carbon atom in a particular molecule will determine the chirality of that molecule. For example, we…

However, since Diphenoxylate has narcotic properties, taking it in large doses can lead to a sense of euphoria. This can cause the drug to be misused and abused, or sold as an illicit street dug. In order to prevent this issue, the drug Atropine is usually combined with it. Atropine can assist Diphenoxylate in the relief of diarrhea in that it can reduce muscle spasms within the intestine. However the primary use of Atropine is the prevent Diphenoxylate from being abused. When Atropine is…

According to R.A Aitken, “An asymmetric synthesis may be defined as a synthesis in which an achiral unit is an ensemble of substrate molecules is converted to a chiral unit such that the possible stereoisomers are formed in unequal amounts.” It relates to any synthetic process that incorporates one or more new elements of chirality during a functional group transformation. Asymmetric synthesis involves the formation of chiral molecules. An object is said to be chiral, if it cannot be…

CH2OH C O OH C OH C HO O HO C C OH OH OH OH OH D – Glucopyranose (Ring Forms) Properties of Glucose Structure: Glucose structure possess many individual properties like other chemical compounds, these…

Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France on December 27th in 1822. He was the son of Jean Pasteur and Jeanne-Etiennette Roqui. His father was a poorly educated tanner, who had high hopes for his son to excel in his education. * Pasteur gave a significant impact to the world of scientific research through his numerous contributions. Earlier in his life, Pasteur worked as a chemist, and dealt with the specific nature of tartaric acid. Tartaric acid is a type of acid that occurs naturally in many…