Dormancy

Introduction/Purpose There are many parts to a seed. First, there is the testa (seed coat). It is the outside layer protecting the inside of the seed. On the side of the seed, there is a tiny hole called the micropyle. Water can be taken through the hole when it is ready to germinate. Inside the seed near the micropyle, there is a root called a radicle. When the seed begins to grow the radicle will come out the micropyle. The seed coat can protect the seed from many factors such as freezing temperatures, heat, radiation, or acidity. Each seed has to go through the process of seed germination before they become a plant. With the right temperature and amount of water, the seed should start germinating within a couple days. The oxygen and water helps to break down the sugars, proteins, and other nutrients in the seed to obtain energy so the seed can sprout. The water also plays a major part in helping the seed sprout. When the dry seeds take up the water the process is called imbibition. While this process is happening, the enzymes are being activated which hydrates the seed and helps the plant grow. Then seeds begin to expand and break out of the seed coat. It is important to know the process of germination before you can begin the experiment, because you need to know what factors can affect how the plant grows. The radish seeds germinate fast only in about three to five days which is why we are going to use it The purpose of our experiment is to see…

softens). In a brief period, a radicle emerges through the seed coat and shows one of the first visible signs of germination (Scope Curriculum, 2018). For germination to begin however, several factors must be met. These essential factors are water, oxygen, ideal substrate, light and temperature (Jo, 2015). A seed will not germinate if not all the factors are met. However, in some cases, seed dormancy occurs even in optimal conditions for germination. This is a very challenging and frustrating…

containing male gametophytes. Carpel contains ovules (immature seeds) in their swollen bases. Within the ovules, embryos sacs (female’s gametophytes) develop from megaspore. Pollination which precedes fertilization is the placing of pollen on the stigma of a carpel. After pollination, the pollen tube discharges two sperm into the female gametophytes. Two sperm are needed for double fertilization, a process in which on e sperm fertilized the egg, forming a zygote and eventually an embryo,…

(Alves, 2002). It does not tolerate flooding in moist areas. It loses its leaves to conserve moisture, producing new leaves when rains resumes in droughty areas. Under adverse conditions such as cool or dry weather it takes 18 months or more to produce a crop. Under more normal conditions the crop reaches maturity in about 9 months. Cassava does not tolerate freezing conditions. It grows well under marginal as well as favourable conditions of soil fertility and rainfall, in contrast to other…

The bean seeds used in this experiment were several years old, meaning that the seeds had likely been dormant for too long and thus incapable of germination. Seed dormancy, “a block to the completion of germination of an intact viable seed under favorable conditions” , allows the prevention of seeds germination until it is in a suitable habitat with the means for survival thus all the seeds can germinate at the same time. Even so, seed dormancy only delays germination, if a seed has not begun…

So most people know how a normal plant needs sunlight, water, and soil. Be sure to give plenty of these elements. Now, first you will, of course, need to feed your plant. Watch what you feed it because some insects could cause harm to it. Especially ones that normally eat leaves. Also, there is a thing all venus flytrap owners should know. Don't bother feeding it so much in the colder seasons, because it's the time plants go into dormancy, or what some people call the sleeping stage. If it is…

Subtly and dexterously, Rosenberg plays around with words and employs their symbolic association to communicate how terrible an effect the war has on the world. As the flames of the war burst forth, nature is dressed in a winter’s gown and embellished with its impressions, “ice and frost and snow,” which cover the “Summer land” of South Africa, where Rosenberg is when the drums of the war are sounded in Europe, almost as if it is the winter of the whole world. Such a conceptualization…

Crepe Myrtle – Lagerstroemia The crepe myrtle is a small tree that can also be shaped to remain a shrub. They are characteristic of the south, as they have a high tolerance to drought and the intense heat of the southern summers. From the genus Lagerstroemia, there are dozens of species, each characterized by a different color of bloom. To develop a large singular trunk, the basal suckers should be removed during the early years of growth. The trunk of the crepe myrtle is as much a part of…

hoping to find less unsaturated fatty acids in the seed oil content in FAD2 gene knockout transgenic Thlaspi arvense. FAD2 function is knocked out only in the seeds and not in vegetative tissues as it plays an important role in plant’s fitness (J.C. Sedbrook, et al, 2014). INTRODUCTION: Pennycress plant has proven itself to be very useful in today’s agricultural industry. Its agronomic value as an oilseed crop, animal feed, and cover crop are highly satisfying environmentally but not…

Graph 3 shows that Gibberellic have no affect on the germination speed as the R value range is within 0.1. However according to other people’s research, Gibberellic acid is suppose to have a positive impact on seeds, speeding up the process of germination. Treatment with high concentrations of Gibberellic acid is effective in overcoming dormancy and cause rapid germination of seed. Tubers are more likely to sprout earlier with around 2 ppm of Gibberellic acid. When there is difficulty with…