Different objects and shapes used in an artwork to symbolize or insinuate something. Rather than writing it, the onlooker would get the hint. Sometimes iconography could be used to give more than one meaning to the artwork it is being used at, so people can go along with whatever they think is most applicable to the setting they choose. An example of iconography would be Codex Aubin, begun ca. 1576, where different symbols have different meanings.
2. Linear Perspective
Linear Perspective is the three-dimensional effect that can be given to any paintwork. Using vanishing points and parallel lines that get closer towards the other "end" of the paintwork, depth and elongation could be achieved. Linear Perspective gives more reality