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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The earliest hominins are from |
Africa |
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Anthropology |
Things |
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Archaeology |
People |
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Why do we care about common people |
We are common people, we give them a voice |
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Ways sites form |
Disposal, accidental loss, mining site |
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Why do we now have an ancestral bush |
Lasers, DNA testing |
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Lucy |
Nearly complete recovered Showed bipedalism Head and arms were more apelike Showed bipedalism first and then large brain Scavengers, not hunters |
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Benefits of bipedalism |
Arms free for tasks Now taller, can stretch Use hands for communication Also disadvantages |
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Taung Child |
Showed ancient ancestors learned to walk first, then brains grew larger |
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Early hominins were often... |
Prey, not hunters |
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Java and Peking Man |
Elongated legs, shorter arms, more like us Made and used tools Africa, walked to China and Indonesia Cared for weak and old individuals |
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Neanderthals |
Lived in Europe Most closely related hominin group to modern humans Brains similar in size |
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Who had babies together |
Homo Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens |
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Neanderthal DNA |
Diminished over time Shows genes were harmful Low genetic diversity |
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Neanderthals were/had |
Very advanced hunters, big game Tools and complex weapons Evidence for burial of deceased |
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4 Different Archaic Hominins |
Neanderthals Denisovans Extinct hominin 1 Extinct hominin 2 |
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Klasies River Mouth Caves |
Earliest evidence of Homo Sapiens Stone tools Poor hunters, easy prey Ate shellfish |
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Lake Mungo |
Homo Sapiens Post-death practice and burial Ideas of afterlife One burial covered in red ochre pigment |
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Lake Mungo fishing |
Fish all same, showed they used fishing nets Knowledge of sewing Stone tools Got there by boat/raft |
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Oldest tools probably |
Convenient Not modified Organic |
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Oldowan Tools |
These are the oldest tools |
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Flakes |
Sharp edge For cutting and scraping |
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Cores |
Called xhoppers |
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Technology created by |
Homo erectus |
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Stone core |
Called a biface Shaped on both sides |
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Acheulean hand axes |
Longest-lasting technology |
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Clovis Points |
Used for Spears Killed mammoths |
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Folsom Points |
Came later Points called "fluted" Killed bison |
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Communal kill |
Kill hundreds of animals hundreds at one time from a single term |
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How far away were some lithic material |
150 miles |
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Style can reveal |
May reveal time period, group |
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Types of Flaking |
Percussion Flaking (hitting) Pressure Flaking (pushing) |
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Production Waste called |
Debitage and Microdebitage |
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How do we know if tool was ever used |
Microwear and residure analysis Microflaking Refitting |
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California Tools (Hooks) |
Experimental Technology Finished fishhooks Concluded specific workshops, specialists |
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Hominins realize individuals |
Idea of self Lead to adornment |
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Lepenski Vir |
Liked how they fished, didn't do agriculture |
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Dings |
In China Elite/wealthy own dings Non elite made them For cooking meat Bronze dings called vessel |
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Process of making Dings |
Get resources, make mold, melt, cast melted metal in mold, distribute |
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Southeast Mountains of China |
Bronze Bells and Musical Instruments Bronze agricultural equipment Bronze hollow sculptures |