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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
muscle fibers
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skeletal muscle cells
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fascicles
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skeletal muscle fibers are organized into groups, or subunits, called fascicles.
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endomysium
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connective tissue found in fascicles that fills the space btwn the fibers.
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perimysium
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layer of connective tissue which surrounds the fascicle.
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epimysium
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tough, outer sheath of connective tissue that surrounds the perimysium & fascicles.
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tendon
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extention of endomysium beyond the muscle resembling a rope-like cord. attach muscles to bone.
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insertion
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end of the muscle that is attached to the movable bone.
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origin
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end of muscle that is attached to the immovable bone.
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fixators
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counteracting skeletal muscles that assist the agonist muscle by contracting at the same time to prevent movement of the bone attached to the origin end of the muscle.
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agonist
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muscle of movement that is mainly responsible for performing the movement. ex: biceps branchii muscle, which is the primary muscle involved in flexing (bending) the elbow.
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antagonist
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muscles that oppose the action of the agonist in order to return the joint to its original position. ex: triceps brachii.
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synergists
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muscles that contract at same time to assist the agonist muscle. ex: brachioradialis contracts at same time as biceps brachii.
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joint action
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movement of the joint when the muscle that is crossing it contracts.
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flexion
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bending joint
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extension
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straightening joint
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abduction
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moving body part away from midline.
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adduction
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moving body part towards midline.
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elevation
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raising body part
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depression
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lowering body part
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rotation
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moving body part around its axis
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protraction
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moving body part anteriorly
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retraction
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moving body part posteriorly
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pronation
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turning palm posteriorly
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supination
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turning palm anteriorly
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circumduction
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circular (conical) movement. ex: shoulder joint. combo of flexion, extension, adduction, & abduction.
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opposition
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opposable thumb. toole use.
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inversion
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turning sole of foot inward.
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eversion
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turning sole of foot outward.
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dorsiflexion
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flexing ankle to pull foot towards shin
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plantar flexion
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extending ankle (pointing toes)
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rectus (w/ regards to direction of muscle fibers)
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straight
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transverse (w/ regards to direction of muscle fibers)
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horozontal
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oblique (w/ regards to direction of muscle fibers)
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diagonally
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pectoralis (w/ regards to location)
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chest
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brachialis (w/ regards to location)
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arm
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external (w/ regards to location)
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outer
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internal (w/ regards to location)
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inner
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ventralis (w/ regards to location)
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front
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abdominalis (w/ regards to location)
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abdomen
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deltoid (w/ regard to shape)
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triangular
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trapezius (w/ regard to shape)
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trapezoid
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longus (w/ regard to shape)
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long
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