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39 Cards in this Set
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The number of digits, called significant digits, in a measurement, which indicates the number of units that we are reasonably sure of having counted. The greater the number of significant digits, the better
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accuracy
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a number that has been determined by some measurement or estimation process
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approximate number
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the number of square units contained in a figure
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area
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an expression used to convert from one set of units to another. Often expressed as a fraction whose numerator and denominator are equal to each other although in different units
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conversion factor
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a number that has been determined as a result of counting, such as 21 students enrolled in a class, or by some definition such as 1h = 60 min.
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exact number
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the basic metric unit of mass
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kilogram
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the area of all the lateral (side) faces of a geometric solid
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lateral surface area
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a measure of the quantity of material making up an object
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mass
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the basic metric unit of length
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metre
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an instrument consisting of two platforms connected by a horizontal rod that balances on a knife edge. The pull of gravity on objects placed on the two platforms is compared
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platform balance
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refers to the smallest unit with which a measurement is made, that is, the position of the last significant digit
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precision
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an orderly procedure that aids in understanding and solving problems
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problem-solving method
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the basic unit of time
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second
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the international modern metric system of units of measurement
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SI
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the number of digits in a measurement, which indicates the number of units we are reasonably sure of having counted
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significant digits
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an instrument containing a spring, which stretches in proportion to the force applied to it, and a pointer attached to the spring with a calibrated scale read directly in given units
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spring balance
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a set of units of measurement for length, weight, and other quantities defined in such a way as to be useful to a large number of people
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standards of measure
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the total area of all the surfaces of a geometric solid; that is, the lateral surface area plus the area of the bases
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total surface area
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the number of cubic units contained in a figure
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volume
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a measure of the gravitational force of pull acting on an object
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weight
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when two or more vectors are added, each of the vectors is called a component of the resultant, or sum, vector
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component vector
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the net change in position of an object, or the direct distance and direction it moves; a vector
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displacement
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a plane determined by the horizontal line called the x-axis and a vertical line called the y-axis intersecting at right angles. These two lines divide the humber plane into four quadrants. the x-axis contains positive numbers to the right of the origin and negative numbers to the left of the origin. The y-axis contains positive numbers above the origin and negative numbers below the origin.
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number plane
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the sum of two or more vectors
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resultant vector
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a physical quantity that can be completely described by a number(called its magnitude) and a unit
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scalar
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a vector is in standard position when its initial point is at the origin of the number plane. The vector is expressed in terms of its length and its angle, where the angle is measured counterclockwise from the positive x-axis to the vector
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standard position
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a physical quantity that requires both magnitude(size) and direction to be completely described
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vector
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the horizontal component of a vector that lies along the x-axis
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x-component
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the vertical component of a vector that lies along the y-axis
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y-component
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change in velocity per unit time
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acceleration
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the acceleration of a freely falling object. On the earths surface the acceleration due to gravity is 9.80 m/s^2 (metric) or 32.2 ft/s^2 (U.S)
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acceleration due to gravity
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an acceleration that indicates an object is slowing down
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deceleration
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a change in position
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motion
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a propelled object that travels through the air but has no capacity to propel itself
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projectile
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the motionof a projectile as it travels through the air influencedonly by its original velocity and gravitational acceleration
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projectile motion
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the horizontal distance that a projectile will travel before striking the ground
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range
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the distance traveled per unit of time,a scalar because it is described by a number and a unit,not a direction
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speed
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the speed attained by a freely falling body when the air resistance equals its weight and no further acceleration occurs
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terminal speed
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the rate of motion in a particular direction.The time rate of change of an objects displacement. Velocity is a vector that gives the direction of travel and the distance traveled per unit of time
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velocity
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