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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
multitrack
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recording environment where overdubs are often used to build up a song over time.
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live vs. multitrack, what is live recording?
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is created on the spot in real time, often during a single in-studio or on-stage performance with little or no post production other than mixing.
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recording spaces
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acoustic room, recording environment, control room; mixing environment, project studios and protable studios
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steps in the recording process
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1. pre production- getting everything together
2. recording (basic tracks) 3. Overdubbing (adding recordings to existing recordings) 4. Mixdown (levels, spatial placement,EQ, Dynamics, Effects) 5. Mastering- Final edited mixdown (relative levels, dynamics, EQ, Overall levels.) |
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what does a transducer do?
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it converts 1 form of energy into another
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what are some examples of a transducer?
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Ear, Speaker, Microphone, Guitar, Record Head
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What is amplitude?
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The greater distance - or +. the maximum negative or maximum positive is the peak.
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Frequency
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Meatusre the number of cycles in 1 second.
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What is RMS?
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it is the meaningful average of output
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What is phase?
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It is the difference in timing.
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Harmonic Content
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Fundamental overtone
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Harmonic overtone
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octave whole # multilpe of the fundamental.
example; Concert A=440Hz Up an octave equals 880Hz |
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Timbre
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The voice- THe harmonics and the relative intensity levels that make the "voice".
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The Funadmental Frequency
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Pitch being played
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What are the envelope Characteristics?
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Attack-
Sustain Decay Release |
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Attack
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Time it takes for initial build of a sound.
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Sustain-
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increases or decreases volume after time.
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Decay
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begins to fade or reduction once note has stopped playing.
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Release
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digital- final release time.
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Decibels
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measures loudness
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Gain
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Amplitude of signal.
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threshhold of pain
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pain in a listener 140 dB or 200Hz-10kHz.
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range of human hearing
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20-20kHz
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sampling rate
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number of measurements taken of an analog signal taken in 1 second.
standard is 44.1 kHz Rate |
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Bit Rate
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Deals with freq and amplitude. the hight the bit rate- the better the quality is.
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Nyquist Theorem
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Sampling rate needs to be atleast twice the highest frequency
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Dither and what does it do?
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Small amount of random noice add through the a/d path.
reduces harmonic distortion helps improve resolution |
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What does DSP stand for?
and what does it do? |
Digital Signal Processing. processing a signal into a digital domain in real time or non real time
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Non real time DSP is?
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rewriting the file, apply the effect, can't undo
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real time DSP is?
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using as an insert, file has been rewritten
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edit window
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shows, i/o, comments, sends, size, tracks, colors, track order
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mix windo shows
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tools:handtool, waveform editor, scrub tool(edit with hearing), trimmer, zoom
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modes of protools
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grid mode
slip mode |
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Midi
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Musicial Instrument Digital Interface.
doesnt cary audio/only data. on/off notes program change (voice) ch. assignment (1-16) velocity (volume) controllers (pitch bend, keyboards, drum contorllers, pads/triggers) |
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numbering system of MIDI
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0-127...128 Values.
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what is SMF?
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standard midi file, able to read files and play them back
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general midi?
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deals with voices or program changes.
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Mixing;
Tall: Depth: Wide: |
Tall: Frequency
Depth: Ambience, reverbs, delays Wide: Soundscape, every element can be heard quickly, panning and placement within the stereo. |
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6 elements of a great mix
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1. balance- level of relationships, are the tracks balanced? Are they blended well together/
2. Frequency Range, having frequencies properly represented. not dominating with bass. 3. Panorama- placement/soundfield. placing something. panning left or right. masking. 4. Dimension- adding the ambience often done with reverbs, delays, mic. or the placement of the room itself. 5. Dynamics- volume envelopes, levels 6. Interests- making it special. |