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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Every sentence must have: |
1) a predicate (usually called a verb) 2) the subject of that verb |
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complete subject |
the person, place or thing that the sentence is about -- along with all the words that modify it |
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complete predicate |
what the person, place, or thing is doing, or what condition the person, place or thing is in |
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simple subject |
the fundamental part of the complete subject >>> the main noun(s), and pronoun(s) in the complete subject |
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simple predicate (verb) |
the fundamental part of the complete predicate |
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compound subjects and predicates |
sentences with multiple nouns and/or verbs |
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Complement |
additional parts of a sentence, beyond the subject and predicate, that are needed to complete the meaning >> there are 5 types |
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5 types of Complements |
1) direct object 2) object complement 3) indirect object 4) predicate adjective 5) predicate nominative |
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predicate adjectives and predicate nominatives are considered subject... |
complements |
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Direct Object |
the word or words that receive the action of the verb. >> used with a transitive verb >>>>usually nouns >>>>>sometimes pronouns >>>>>> rarely noun clauses |
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Object Complements |
Elaborates on or gives a fuller meaning to a direct object. >Object Complements can be nouns or adjectives |
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Indirect Objects |
Comes before a direct object and answers the question "to whom?" or "for whom?" after the subject and verb |
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Subject Complements |
Used with linking verbs only Complete (give you more info about) the subject. |
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Name the Two Types of Subject Complements |
1) predicate adjective 2) predicate nominative |
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Predicate Adjective |
An adjective that comes after a linking verb and describes the subject of the sentence |
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Predicate Nominative |
Comes after a linking verb and gives you more information about the subject Must be a noun or pronoun |
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Phrase ...most common type? |
a group of words that acts as a particular part of speech or part of a sentence but doesn't have a verb and its subject. Most common type is the prepositional phrase |
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Prepositional Phrase |
a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun In a sentence, prepositional phrases act as adjectives or adverbs |
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Independent Clause |
a group of words that has a verb and its subject Words can stand alone as a sentence |
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Subordinate Clause ..how many types? |
(dependent clause) has a verb and its subject but it cant stand alone as a sentence. has to be attached to another part (to some independent clause) of the sentence ...three types |
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Three Types of Subordinate Clause? |
1) adjective clause 2) Noun clause 3) adverb clause |
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Adjective Clause |
subordinate clause that acts as an adjective: it modifies or describes a noun or pronoun |
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Noun Clause |
subordinate clause that acts as a noun; it can be the subject, predicate nominative appositive object of a verb, or object of a preposition. |
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restrictive clause |
necessary to the basic meaning of the sentence (essesntial or defining clause) |
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nonrestrictive clause |
can be eliminated from the sentence without changing its basic meaning (nonessential or non defining clause) |
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List four ways in which a sentence functions |
1) declarative sentence 2) interrogatie sentence 3) imperative sentence 4) exclamatory sentence |
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Declarative Sentence |
makes a statement |
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Interrogative sentence |
asks a question |
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imperative sentence |
issues a command, makes a request, or gives instruction |
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Compouns Subjects (subjects joined by and) take a .....verb |
plural |
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If you have two or more subjects joined by AND --- and the subjects are thought of as one unit--- then use a ....verb |
singular ex: Peanut butter and jelly is my... |
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Singular subjects joined by OR or NOR take a ....verb |
singular |
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Plural subjects joined by OR or NOR take a ...verb |
plural |
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If you begin a sentence with HERE or THERE and you have a plural subject, be sure to use a...verb |
plural |
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If you have a sentence with a plural subject and a singular predicate nominative, use the verb that agrees with the... , not the predicate nominative |
subject |