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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Biodiversity |
The number and variety of organisms in any given ecosystem |
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Variation |
The differences in characteristics of organisms, can be caused by genetics and environmental features |
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Ecosystem |
All of the organisms and nonliving components of an environment |
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Community |
Different populations in a specific ecosystem, at the same time |
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Population |
Number of the same species in an ecosystem at once |
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Species |
A group of organisms that is capable of producing offspring |
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Sexual Dimorphism |
The difference between males and females of the same species |
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Speciation |
Species that evolved from a common ancestor |
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Adaptation |
Trait that helps an organisms chance of survival |
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Structural Adaptation |
A physical trait that helps an organism to survive |
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Behavioural Adaptation |
A trait that is visible in the way an organism acts that increases chances of survival |
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Niche |
Describes the role an organism fills within it's ecosystem |
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Generalist |
An organism with a broad niche, that adapts to changes easily |
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Specialist |
An organism that has a narrow niche, and is an expert in it's niche |
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Symbiosis |
A close relationship between two different species |
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Mutualism |
A type of symbiosis where both species benifit |
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Commensalism |
A type of symbiotic relationship where one species benefits, and the other is not affected |
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Parasitism |
A type of symbiosis where one species benefits, and the other is harmed |
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Asexual Reproduction |
Reproduction involving only one parent, producing children with identical genetics |
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Binary Fission |
Type of asexual reproduction, parent produces an exact copy of itself that splits off from the parent |
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Spores |
Parent releases seed-like things that plant and grow into new plants, asexual |
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Vegetative Growth |
Parent continuously grows through meristem cells, can regrow if damaged |
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Budding |
Similar to binary fission, but on a larger scale |
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Mitosis |
Cells split and produce identical cells to perform the same function, each new cell is identical to the parent Does not recreate the entire organism, just specific cells |
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Sexual Reproduction |
Two parents contribute gametes, which combine and eventually produce offspring |
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Zygote |
A fertilized egg, the combination of two gametes |
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Meiosis |
The formation of sex cells, each contains half the genetic material required for a full cell |
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Hermaphrodite |
Has both male and female sex cells, can reproduce with itself in times of need |
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Genes |
A section of a chromosome |
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Genome |
The total genetic code for an organism |
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Continuous variation |
A variation that comes in a spectrum, such as hair colour |
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Discrete Variation |
Variation that has only a fixed number of outcomes |
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Dominant |
Gene that will express, regardless of the genotype |
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Recessive |
Gene that will only express if homozygous, weaker |
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Co-dominance |
Genes that are on the same level, will express together |
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Artificial Selection |
Humans choose to breed only creatures with a chosen trait, until that trait is very common |
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Cloning |
Creating an exact copy of an animal, by copying DNA onto a blank egg |
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Artificial Insemination |
Manually taking sperm from a male and inserting it directly into the female |
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In Vitro Fertilization |
Manually joining a sperm and egg, generally when there is an issue with doing it naturally |
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Genetic Engineering |
Manually changing the genetics of an organism |
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Natural Selection |
Animals choose for themselves who is the fittest to mate with, without outside influence |
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Bioindicator Species |
Species that can be look at to determine the health of an ecosystem |
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Extinction |
When an entire species is wiped from the face of the earth |
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Extirpation |
Extinction in a specific area |
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Conservation |
Efforts that are made to slow down the extinction of a species |
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Ex-situ |
Conservation outside of an organisms natural habitat, such as a zoo |
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In-situ |
Conservation efforts made within a creatures habitat |
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Eukaryotic |
Cells that store information in a nucleus, more advanced |
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Prokaryotic |
Cells without a nucleus, bacteria |
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DNA |
What life is made of, made up of A-T and G-C pairs |