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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is homeostasis? |
How organisms maintain internal environments to an optimal degree. |
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What is a physiological response? |
Is an automatic response or reaction that triggers a physiological response within the body to a stimulus. |
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What is a Stimulus? |
A detectable change in the internal or external environment which then evokes a physiological response. |
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What are tolerance limits? |
The upper and lower limits to the range of particular environmental factors within an organism in which it can survive. |
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What are the types of responses that can help maintain homeostasis? |
Structural, physiological and behavioural. |
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What’s the stimulus response model? |
Stimulus: detected internally or externally -> effector: message is recieved -> which brings about a response |
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What are the 4 receptors? |
Thermoreceptors, osmoreceptors, glucoreceptors and chemoreceptors. |
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What do thermoreceptors do? |
Regulate temperature. |
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What do osmoreceptors do? |
Regulate water and solute levels. |
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What do glucoreceptors regulate? |
They regulate glucose levels. |
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What do chemoreceptors regulate? |
Blood pH levels through breathing rate. |
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What is the endocrine system? |
A system of glands that release hormones into the blood stream. |
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What are the 3 types of hormones? |
Protein, peptides and steroids. |
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What is type 2 diabetes? |
Body cells become resistant to insulin. Beta cells are typically functioning perfectly, receptors become damaged and cannot respond to the insulin. This is not born with. |
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What is hyperglycaemia? |
High glucose levels |
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What is hypoglycaemia? |
Low glucose levels. |
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How is type 1 diabetes managed? |
Through blood glucose measurements and insulin shots. |
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How is type 2 diabetes managed? |
Through healthy diet and exercise. This can be reversed before too damaged. |
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Protein and peptides bind to receptors? |
True |
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Steroids binds to receptors? |
False they diffuse over the cell membrane. |
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Which is a faster response? Hormones or nerves? |
Nerves. |
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How do hormones activate? |
When matching with the correct specified receptor. |
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What do endocrine glands do? |
Secrete hormones into the blood stream. |
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What is negative feedback? |
Works by initiating corrective mechanisms whenever there is a deviance of the tolerance levels. |
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What is the action of insulin? |
Insulin lowers the glucose levels in the blood by initiating the conversion of glucose into glycogen. |
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What is the action of glucagon? |
The action of glucagon is to increase glucose levels by breaking down glycogen into glucose. |
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What is type 1 diabetes? |
The beta cells in the liver can not produce enough insulin. People are born with type 1. |
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What is the nervous system? |
The nervous system is a system of neurones throughout the body That carry information rapidly in the form of electrical impulses. |