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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
changes between the gaseous, liquid, or solid states.
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Changes of state
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any change or reaction in which one or more substances are converted into different substances with different characteristic properties.
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chemical change or chemical reaction
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pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more simpler substances by an ordinary chemical change.
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chemical compound
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the ability of a substance to undergo a change that alters its identity.
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chemical property
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the study of the composition and structure of materials and the changes they undergo
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chemistry
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a substance that cannot be seperated into other substances by any ordinary chemical change
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element
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describes processes that absorb heat
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endothermic
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the ability to cause change or do work
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energy
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describe processes that release heat
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exothermic
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properties, including mass, length, and volume that depend on the amount of matter present.
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extensive physical property
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the state of any matter that has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume
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gaseous state
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the vertical columns of elements in the Periodic Table, numbered consecutively from 1 to 18.
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groups or families
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a mixture whos composition and properties are not uniform but that differ from point to point in the mixture
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heterogeneous mixture
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a mixture whose composition and properties are uniform throughout the mixture, also called a solution
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homogeneous mixture
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a testable statement
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hypothesis
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resistance to change in motion
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inertia
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properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present; they include melting point, boiling point, destiny, ductility, malleability, color, crystaline shape, and refreactive index
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intensive physical property
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the energy of an object in motion
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kinetic energy
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energry can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes
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law of conservation energy
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matter cannot be ethier created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes
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law of conservation of mass
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a chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound
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law of definite composition
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a generalization that describes a wide variety of behaviors in nature
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law
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the state of any matter that has a definite volume but an indefinite shape
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liquid state
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a measure of the quanity of matter
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mass
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anything that has mass and occupies space
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matter
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an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
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metal
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an element that has some properties characteristic of metals and others characteristic of nonmetals, and is a semi conductor
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metalloid
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a combination of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own composition and properties
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mixture
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an element that is a poor conductor of heat & electricity
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nonmetal
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the horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table, numbered 1 to 7 from the top down.
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period
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proportion of matter that has both the same chemical properties and the same physical properties
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phases
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any change in a property of matter that does not result in a change in identity.
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physical change
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a property that can be observed or measured without altering the identity of a material
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physical property
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a solid that separates from a solution
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precipitate
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energy that an object has because of its position or composition
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potential energy
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the new substances or substances produced by a chemical reaction or by an enzyme reaction
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products
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characteristics that enable us to distinguish one kind of matter from another
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properties
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a homogeneous sample of matter that has the same composition and characteristic properties throughout
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pure substance
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nonnumerical information
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qualitative information
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numerical information
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quanitative information
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the substances that undergo a chemical reaction
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reactants
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a logical approach to the solution of problems that lend themselves to investigation by observing, generalizing, theorizing and testing
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scientific method
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the state of any matter that has a define shape and volume
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solid state
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a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase
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solution
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a broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena
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theory
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a measure of the earths gravitational attraction for matter
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weight
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