Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Chemotheraputical drug
|
any chemical used in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a diease
|
|
|
Prophylaxis
|
use of a drug to prevent imminent infection of a person at risk
|
|
|
Antimicrobial chemotherapy
|
the use of chemotheraputical drugs to control infection
|
|
|
Antimicrobial
|
an all inclusive term for any antimicrobial drug, regardless of origin
|
|
|
Probiotic
|
live microbes used as preventative or therapeutic measure to complete with potential pathogens
|
|
|
Antibiotics
|
substances produced by the natural metabolic processes of some microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy microorganisms
|
|
|
Synthetic drugs
|
antimicrobial created by the use of chemical reactions in the laboratory
|
|
|
Semi synthetic drugs
|
drugs which are chemically modified in the laboratory after being isolated from natural sources
|
|
|
narrow spectrum
|
antimicrobial effective against a limited array of microbial types
ex. gram positive |
|
|
Broad Spectrum
|
antimicrobials effective against a wide variety of microbial types
ex works on both gram positive an negative |
|
|
nucleic acid synthesis
|
antimicrobial drug interfere with nucleic acid synthesis by blocking synthesis of nucleotides, inhibiting replication, or stopping transcription
|
|
|
Penicillin
|
Penicillin chrysogenum source
inhibits cell wall sythesis resistant bacteria have penicillinase or betalactamase to destroy stucture of penicillin |
|
|
Cephalosporin
|
isolated from cephalosporium acremonium (mold)
target cell wall |
|
|
Bacitracin
|
narrow spectrum
source bacillus subtilis target cell wall found in neosporin |
|
|
vancomycin
|
treats staph. if methicillin and penicillin resistant
target cell wall very toxic source amycolatopsis orientalis |
|
|
Aminoglycosides
|
broad spectrum
common use to treat bubonic plague inhibit protein synthesis includes streptomycin |
|
|
Tetracycline
|
semisynthetic
broad spectrum low cost commonly use to treat sexually transmitted diseases inhibit protein synthesis inexpensive side effect- gastrointestinal disruption |
|
|
Erythromycin
|
broad spectrum
common used as prophylactic drug prior to surgery side effect low toxicity inhibits protein synthesis |
treats mycoplasma pnuemonia, chlamydia, pertussis, diphtheria, syphilis, acne
|
|
Sulfonamides
(Sulfa Drugs) |
first modern antimicrobial drug
synthetic drug based on sulfanilamides used in combination with other synthetics such as trimethoprim |
|
|
Trimethoprim
(Septa, Bactrim) |
Synthetic
target folic acid synthesis used together with Sulfa(synergistic) to treat pneumocystic pneumonia in aids patients |
|
|
Polyenes
|
Anti fungal
some toxicity to humans commonly used for skin infections attack membrane sterol ergosteral not found in humans |
|
|
Antiprotozoan- metronidazole
(flagyl) |
treat giardia, amoeba, trichomonas
|
|
|
Antimalarial- Quinine
|
Malaria
|
|
|
Antihelminthic - mebendazole
|
works to interfere with human function of microtubules ( stops use of glucose)
tapeworms, roundworms others work to paralyze muscles |
|
|
Antihelminthic - mebendazole
|
works to interfere with human function of microtubules ( stops use of glucose)
tapeworms, roundworms others work to paralyze muscles |
|
|
MIC
|
minimum inhibitory concentration
|
|