Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the basic human motivation? |
to move from a felt minus situation towards a plus situation.
|
|
Inferiority Complex |
stagnation of growth in which difficulties seem too immense to be overcome; feeling of never being good enough |
|
Superiority Complex |
neurotic belief that one is better than others. |
|
Organ Inferiority |
Compensation for weakness leads to strength |
|
Aggressive Drive |
Experienced as Fighting or Competition |
|
Masculine Protest: |
seeking the privilege associated with the male gender role |
|
superiority strivinG |
striving to achieve personal best |
|
perfection striving |
inherent motivation toward personal growth |
|
Fictional finalism |
a person's image of the goal of his or her striving |
|
creative self |
each person is the artist of his own personality |
|
what is personality held together by |
fictional finalism and unique style of life |
|
style of life |
person's consistent way of living |
|
first memories |
evidence of style of life; not always accurate. |
|
Sources of memory errors? |
immature brain inadequate early language distortion from thinking about events based on their subjective importance |
|
key to the importance of this early memory |
psychological importance of the early memory for the individual |
|
Mistaken style of life |
ruling getting avoiding |
|
healthy style of life |
social useful type |
|
The development of personality stems from |
parental behavior family constellation |
|
parental behavior (mother) |
development of social feeling cooperative feeling aggressive behaviors |
|
parental behavior (father) |
power - selfish or socially responsible expression. |
|
the pampered child |
spoiled |
|
the neglected child |
not looked after |
|
Parenting training programs |
effective parenting solves problems in and out of school |
|
goal of parent training |
to teach parents how to understand reasons for child's misbehavior and influence it appropriately |
|
Dreikur's 4 goals of children's behavior |
attention getting struggle for power/superiority desire for revenge display of inadequacy or assumed disability |
|
Family constellation |
influence of age, number, sex of sibling on personality development. |
|
firstborns? |
problem child dethronement tries too hard, always tired |
|
second borns? |
most favorable, peacemaker |
|
youngest child? |
problem child; pampered. |
|
only child |
risks developing a "mother complex" similar personality to firstborns |
|
other aspects of family environment |
talents spacing between children number of boys vs girls influence the masculinity/femininity in each child |
|
Research on birth order |
weak and inconsistent effects, varies on other factors |
|
Sulloway's analysis |
conservatism of first born scientists; rebellion of later-born scientists |
|
Social Interest |
sense of community and shared tasks essential for mental health measurement positive effects on social behaviors |
|
Three tasks of life |
work love social interaction |
|
epigenetic principle |
idea that things move in stages before forming a fully developed whole. |
|
psychosocial stages |
lifespan approach; emphasizes social interactions, culture, and trust |
|
gerotranscendence
|
elderly struggle to accept death and kinship with those who have already passed. No new crisis. Return to earlier stages |
|
stage one |
trust vs mistrusts |
|
stage two |
autonomy vs shame/doubts |
|
stage three |
initiative vs guilt |
|
stage four |
industry vs inferiority |
|
stage five |
identity vs identity diffusion |
|
stage six |
intimacy vs isolation |
|
stage seven |
generativity vs self-absorption |
|
stage eight |
integrity vs despair |
|
pseudospeciation |
the exaggerated sense that groups are different from others, leading to conflict. |
|
identity status |
identity achiever moratorium identity diffusion foreclosure |
|
identity achiever |
clear, consistent personality most ideal |
|
moratorium |
rebellious, philosophically concerned |
|
identity diffusion |
unpredictable, reluctant to act least ideal |
|
foreclosure |
conventional, moralistic. |
|
inventory of psychosocial balance |
scores increase with age |
|
correlates of stage measures |
identity generativity ego integrity relationships among the stages: positive |
|
identity |
career choice mature defense mechanisms self-concept |
|
generativity |
parenting |
|
ego integrity |
lower fear of death |
|
personality influenced by |
society?
Culture? |
|
Basic anxiety |
feeling lonely, helpful in a hostile world |
|
basic hostility |
must be repressed for survival and security |
|
three interpersonal orientations |
moving toward (self effacing) moving against (expansive solution) moving away (resignation solution) |
|
moving towards |
needs affection and approval plays the victim |
|
moving against |
needs power and control and will do anything to get it. |
|
moving away |
doesn't care about anything, emotionally flat. |
|
neurotic trends |
disproportionate, unbalanced intensity in orientations
|
|
major adjustments to basic anxiety |
eclipsing the conflict detachment idealized self externalization |
|
secondary adjustments techniques |
blind spots compartmentalizing rationalization excessive self-control arbitrary right-ness elusiveness cynicism |
|
gender roles
|
achievement social dominance "womb envy" mental health and gender roles |
|
cross cultural differences |
individualism vs collectivism |
|
therapy |
influenced by culture as well. Keep bringing the patient back to the present, seeing how neurotic trends influence |
|
parental indifference |
basic evil
cold indifference; openly hostile child feels unwanted/unloved. |
|
early relationships |
developed sense of self |
|
narcissism |
overcompensation for low self-esteem |
|
attachment in infancy |
affects attachment in adulthood |
|
attachment types |
secure avoidant anxious-ambivalent |
|
relational approach to therapy |
therapist plays significant role patient-therapist relationship provides an opportunity for transformation of old maladaptive relationships patterns to new healthy ones |