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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What is the difference between Peer-to-Peer and Client/Server networks? |
Peer-to-peer shares data between clients. Client/server shares data ONLY between the server and individual clients. |
Data sharing |
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What is VPN? |
Virtual Private Network. Creates a 'tunnel' between a network and a remote client or network using encapsulated private IP addresses.
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What are some VPN protocols? |
-PPTP (Port to Port Tunneling Protocol), widely used by Microsoft. -L2TP/IPsec (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPsec), widely used by older Cisco equipment. -SSTP (Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol), more often used by recent Cisco equipment. -IKEv2, a pure IPsec protocol. |
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What is the difference between a VPN Concentrator and a VPN Endpoint? |
Concentrators are double-duty VPN and router; Endpoints are strictly VPN. |
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What's the difference between client-to-site and site-to-site VPN? |
Site-to-site connects separate networks; client-to-site connects a single client to a network. |
Networks |
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What type of switch is required to create a VLAN? |
A managed switch. (Unmanaged switches have no VLAN capability.) |
It's gotta be configured somehow... |
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What is a trunk port? |
Trunk ports communicate all traffic on all VLANs, usually for the purpose of interconnected switches. |
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What is the purpose of a VLAN? |
Splits one broadcast domain into two or more broadcast domains, allowing more than one broadcast domain on a single switch. |
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What is interVLAN routing? |
A virtual router on a higher-end switch, used to interconnect the separate VLANs. Performs like a router in that it routes traffic between the separate VLANs. (Otherwise, a physical router is required.) |
Interconnectivity |
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What is the purpose of a rollover cable? |
Used to directly manage a switch or router. One side (switch/router) uses a DB9 serial connection; the other uses an RJ45 connector (which is wired differently from an Ethernet jack). |
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What is Port Bonding? |
Configuring two or more ports on a switch to act as one, for the purpose of increasing the bandwidth between two switches. |
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What protocol is used for Port Bonding?
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LACP - Link Access Control Protocol. |
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If Port Bonding is configured but not working, what setting is the likely cause? |
At least one port must be set to Active. |
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What is port mirroring? |
It mirrors all traffic being sent to one port to a second port for monitoring reasons. |
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What is QoS and its use? |
Quality of Service, a.k.a. traffic shaping. Allows for bandwidth management, often by traffic type, MAC address, etc; and by priority (H/M/L), Mb/s, or percentage. |
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What are the differences between a firewall, IDS (Intrusion Detection System), and IPS (Intrusion Prevention System)? |
-Firewall filters -IDS notifies (nothing else) -IPS takes action to stop |
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What is the loopback address for IPv6? |
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 OR ::1 |
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How are subnet masks handled in IPv6? |
ALL subnet masks in IPv6 are /64. |
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How is a local (link-local) IPv6 address often generated (EUI-64)? |
Always starts with FE80. For the local (last 64 bits), use the MAC address, switch the 7th bit (of the first byte) to 1 (be careful to convert to binary first), split it in half, add 'FFFE' between. (Extended Unique Identifier 64) |
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What is the public IPv6 address? |
Labeled as 'IPv6 Address' in IPCONFIG; the last half uses the same characters as the Link-local address. |
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What is required if your ISP is not IPv6 ready? |
An IPv6 tunneling protocol - Toredo or 6to4. GoGo Client (gogo6.com) can provide such a service. It encapsulates IPv6 packet in an IPv4 frame. |
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What are American telephone line long-distance signaling specifics? |
DS0 - 64kbps digital signals (converted from analog - 8-bit samples @ 8kbps) DS1 - 24 DS0 signals on T1 cable (1.5Mbps) DS2 - 28 DS1 signals on T3 cable |
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What are telephone line/channel/speed specifics, American and European? |
Carrier Channels Speed T1 24 1.544Mbps T3 672 44.736Mbps E1 32 2.048Mbps E3 512 34.368Mbps |
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What is used to interconnect T1 lines? |
CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) |
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What is a BERT test? |
Used to test connectivity and data throughput on a T1 line. |
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What is a T1 crossover? |
Used to directly connect two local CSU/DSU units. |
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What's the difference between frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing? |
Frequency - analog signal's frequency is raised or lowered to an isolated frequency. Time - signal is compressed (or sampled) and intermixed with other signals, with separate signals using a specific time interval. |
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What are OC lines and their use? |
OC is used at the tip tiers of the internet, carrying SONET signals. |
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What OC carriers are important to CompTIA? |
SONET lvl|Line speed|Signal OC1 51.85Mbps STS-1 OC3 155.52Mbps STS-3 OC12 622.08Mbps STS-12 |
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What's a good way to remember OC carrier parameters? |
OC1 is 51.85Mbps. All other OC numbers are mulitipliers of the OC1 standard. (OC12 = 12*51.85, e.g.) |
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What is DWDM? |
Dense Wave Division Multiplexing. Uses multiple light colors one one fiber line, creating as many as 150 channels on one line, using the SONET standard. |
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What is Frame Relay? |
A type of packet switching used originally on T1. Stable, error-tolerant.
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What is ATM? |
Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A type of packet switching capable of handling all types of data - voice, video, etc. 53 bytes long. |
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What is MPLS? |
Multiprotocol Label Switching, designed for IP, capable of handling all data in IP format. |
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What are the important dial-up parameters? |
56kbps, PPP (point-to-point protocol), requires a modem plus a phone number, username, and password supplied by the ISP. |
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What are the important DSL parameters? |
Digital Subscriber Line. Available as Synchronous (matching up/download) and Asynchronous (slower upload speed). Requires a modem with RJ11 and RJ45 jacks. Also requires DSL filter for analog telephones. Originally used PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet). |
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What are the important cable ISP parameters? |
Requires a modem with coaxial RG6/F-type and RJ45 jacks. Normally didn't use PPPoE, and often required a cloned MAC address. |
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What are the important satellite ISP parameters? |
Slower than DSL or cable. Requires a satellite dish and a modem. Modem has RG6/F-type (one for upload, one for download) and RJ45 jacks. Some latency involved with signal. |
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What wireless (cellular) signal types are important to CompTIA? |
-HSPA, running at 1Mbps; or HSPA+, running at multiple Mbps, a.k.a. 3G. -LTE, running at tens of Mbps, a.k.a. 4G. |
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What is the WiMax (cellular) standard? |
802.16 (vs 802.11 for Wi-Fi) |
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What is ISDN? |
Integrated Services Digital Network. Telephone number associated, running at 64 or 128kbps. Used a terminal adapter, and required ISDN phones. |
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What is BPL? |
Broadband over Powerlines, using electrical supply lines to carry Ethernet. |
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What Remote Desktop technologies are important to CompTIA? |
-TightVNC, using port 5900. -Microsoft Remote Desktop, using RDP protocol and port 3389. |
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