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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Untrained young adult vo2 max?
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40-50ml /kg/min
|
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Untrained adult vo2max?
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25-45ml /kg/min
|
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elite endurance athlete vo2max?
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70-90ml /kg/min
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haemoglobin saturation at max work out?
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95%
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Cardiac output of trained athlete?
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40L/min
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Cardiac output of untrained person?
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25L/min
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Heart size endurance adaptation?
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Volume overload
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Heart size resistance adaptation?
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Pressure overload
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Max SV untrained?
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80-110ml
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Max SV Trained
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130-150ml
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Max SV elite athlete?
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160-210ml
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untrained SV?
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55-75ml
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rest HR untrained?
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70-80b/min
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rest HR Trained?
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50-60b/min
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Rest HR elite athlete?
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30-50b/min
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Why might CO be slightly lower in trained individuals at rest?
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Greater o2 extraction by muscles therefore less oxygen and thus blood required therefore less CO
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Untrained max CO?
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14-20L/min
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Trained max CO?
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25-35L/min
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Elite athletes max CO?
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Over 40L/min
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Blood pressure and exercise?
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Slightly lower BP during submax exercise
Slightly higher systolic BP during max exercise |
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In trained individuals blood volume increases by how much?
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20-25%
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Blood volume characteristics of trained individual?
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Higher volume. (Mostly plasma --> thinner blood)
Increase in RBC (Very small) Haematocrit goes down. Results in increased SV |
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Rate pressure product is what?
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measure of stress put on the cardiac muscle based on HR & systolic BP
-> good indicator of energy demand & consumption of the heart. |
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Running economy is?
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How much o2 you need to get to a given speed.
Key determinant of performance. |
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Vo2 rest?
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3.5ml/kg/min
1Met |
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Anaerobic threshold is useful for what?
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determining the running pace in aerobic competition events.
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Fuel reserves in an average man?
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Blood glucose - 20g
Liver glycogen - 90g muscle glycogen - 350g triglycerol - 9000g protein - 8800g |
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3 flux limiting enzymes
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Glycogen phosphorylase
Phosphofructokinase Pyruvate dehydrogenase |
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Lactic acid buffering improved by what?
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Frequent anaerobic training
|
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Slow twitch
Fast twitch |
Slow - more efficient at using o2 to generate ATP for continuous extended exercise. Fatigue over a long time
Fast - Use anaerobic to generate ATP therefore fatigue easily. Good for short bursts of energy |
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how much energy does 1g of CHO yield?
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16kj (4kcal)
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How much does 1g of protein yield?
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17kj (4kcal)
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most essential amino acids?
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Phenylalanine, leucine, methionine
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How much does 1g of fat yield?
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37kj (9kcal)
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good fats?
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Monosaturated fats
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Where is vit A stored?
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Liver
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Minerals in large amounts?
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P, Ca, Na, K
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BMI
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Kg/M2
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Classification of BMI?
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Underweight <18.5
Normal 18.5 - 25 Overweight >25 Pre obese 25 - 30 Obese 30 - 35 Obesity II 35 - 40 Obesity III >40 |
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Type II diabetes
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Non insulin dependant
Diets high in saturated fat 25% of sufferers get retinopathy |
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Preventing Type II diabetes
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Non starch polysaccharides (fibre) -> protective effects.
Unsaturated fats Less sodium More unprocessed CHO |
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How much we eat?
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50% CHO
35% Fat 15% Protein |
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Amount of ATP in body and consumption of ATP per hour?
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80-100g
1.6KG per hr |