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173 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An infection that is caused by a microorganism that is normally beneficial or harmless to humans is a(n) ____. |
endogenous infection
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The cycle of infection begins with the establishment of the pathogen in the ____. means of entrance |
reservoir host
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An individual into whom a pathogen has been transmitted and who has little or no immunity to infection by that organism is a ____. |
susceptible host
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The condition in which pathogens are absent or controlled is ____. |
asepsis |
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A medical assistant can help break the cycle of infection in the office by ____. |
maintaining strict housekeeping standards
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Principles of ____ must be applied to break the cycle of infection. |
asepsis
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The goal of surgical asepsis is to ____. |
keep organisms from entering the body |
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Standard Precautions apply to ____. |
blood |
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When a hazard occurs that is not addressed specifically by an OSHA standard, ____. |
the general duty clause takes effect. |
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Patient education brochures should not exceed the ____ reading level. |
sixth-grade
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An advantage of patient education is that ____. it allows patients to take a passive role in their medical care |
it results in greater compliance with prescribed treatment programs
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An important advantage of consumer education is that ____. |
Americans have become more aware of the importance of good health
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Consumer education ____. |
is geared, in both content and language, toward the average person |
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Patient health education should include ____. |
steps to protect against illness and injury
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You should incorporate which of the following guidelines when educating patients about health habits? |
7 to 8 hours of sleep a night
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8 health habits |
limit alcohol, smoking, good nutrition, regular exercise, adequate rest, limit drug use, safety
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The first level of disease and illness prevention is ____. |
adopting health-promoting behaviors
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Teaching health-promoting behaviors includes ____. |
symptoms and warning signs of disease
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The second level of disease prevention is ____. |
screening |
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The third level of disease prevention is ____. |
rehabilitation
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Which of the following types of preoperative teaching supplies details about the surgical procedure? |
Factual |
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Mr. Hendricks has just been informed that he needs surgery to remove a growth on his thyroid. He is nervous about the need for surgery and asks you what will happen during the surgery. He also wants to know why the surgery is necessary. What type of teaching should you use to answer Mr. Hendricks? |
Factual
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Which of the following types of preoperative teaching gives patients a description of the physical sensations they may have during a procedure? |
Participatory
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During which type of teaching do you describe a technique to the patient, demonstrate it, and then ask the patient to repeat the demonstration? |
Participatory
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Which type of teaching should you use to demonstrate cleaning and dressing a wound postoperatively? |
Participatory
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In which type of teaching should the patient do a return demonstration of the technique you have taught? |
Participatory
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In charting, subjective data includes the ____. |
patient's chief complaint
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During a patient interview, you note signs of anxiety in the patient. You may be able to help the patient by ____. |
allowing him to describe his feelings |
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Which of these patient behaviors is a classic symptom of depression? |
Profound sadness
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Which of the following is characteristic of depression? |
of appetite, and loss of energy. |
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Which of the following statements applies to HIPAA requirements? |
A privacy notice must be prominently posted within the hospital.
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Which of the following applies to HIPAA requirements? |
Healthcare facilities must inform patients, in writing, about disclosure of identifiable health information. |
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Using SOAP charting, where would you document measurable information? |
Objective data
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Which of the following information would you place in the "P" section when using SOAP charting? |
Patient education |
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Which of the following information would you place in the "S" section when using SOAP charting? |
Patient's perceptions
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Which of the following would you place in the "A" section when using SOAP charting? |
Physician's diagnosis
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Where on the health history form do you find the reason the patient came to visit the practitioner? |
Chief complaint
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Adult height should be measured to the nearest ____. |
quarter of an inch
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Which of the following is part of the procedure for measuring the weight of an adult? |
Placing a disposable towel on the scale
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Vital signs include the temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure, and ____. |
pain assessment |
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The normal blood pressure for an adult is ____. |
less than 120/less than 80 |
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Which of the following is the normal range for an adult heart rate per minute? |
60-100
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The normal adult range for respirations per minute is ____. |
12-18
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Which of the following is the normal range for an infant's heart rate per minute? |
100-160 |
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Which of the following is the normal range for respirations per minute in an infant? |
30-60
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The normal adult oral temperature is ____. |
97.8ºF-99.1ºF
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Which of the following is the most accurate measurement of body temperature? |
Rectal temperature
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Where should you take an infant's pulse if you cannot feel the brachial artery? |
Over the apex of the heart
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Difficult or painful breathing is called ____. |
dyspnea
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Tachypnea is ____. |
rapid breathing |
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Hyperpnea is ____. |
slow breathing |
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When taking a blood pressure, the first tapping sound you hear is the ____. |
systolic pressure
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Which of the following means lack of breathing? |
Apnea |
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When taking the blood pressure, the last sound you hear is the ____. |
diastolic pressure
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Physicians perform general physical examinations to ____. |
confirm the patient's overall state of health and provide baseline values for vital signs and mensuration
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When a patient has symptoms that may indicate more than one condition, the physician must first ____. |
make a differential diagnosis
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A forecast of the probable course and outcome of the disorder and the prospects for recovery is the ____. |
prognosis
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The best examination position for the physician to evaluate the patient's ability to fully expand the lungs is the ____ position. |
sitting
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In which of the following examination positions does a patient lie flat on the back? |
Supine
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Another name for the supine position is the ____ position. |
recumbent |
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Which of the following positions is used as an alternative to the lithotomy position when patients have severe arthritis or joint deformity? |
Dorsal recumbent
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Which of the following positions is used during examination of the female genitalia? |
Lithotomy
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In Fowler's position, the patient lies ____. |
on the back with the head of the examination table elevated
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In which position does the patient lie flat on the examination table, face-down, with the head turned to one side and the arms placed at the sides or bent at the elbows? |
Prone
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A patient lies on the left side with the under arm behind the back and the upper thigh flexed in the ____ position. |
Sims'
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In which examination position does the patient lie on the examination table face-down, supporting the body with the knees and elbows? |
Knee-elbow
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In which examination position does the patient lie on his back with his knees drawn up and his feet flat on the table? |
Dorsal recumbent
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In which position would you assist a woman to put her feet in the stirrups and to slide forward to position her buttocks near the edge of the table? |
Lithotomy
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Which position would be difficult for an obese woman or a woman in the late stages of pregnancy to assume? |
Lithotomy
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The best position for a patient who has a low-back injury or is short of breath is the ____ position |
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Fowler's
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The physician examines the back, feet, and musculoskeletal system of a patient in the ____ position. |
prone
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Which position is used for anal or rectal examinations? |
Proctologic |
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Which of the following is the visual examination of the patient's entire body and overall appearance? |
Inspection
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Which of the following examination methods involves touching the patient to assess texture, temperature, and shape? |
Palpation
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Which of the following examination methods involves tapping or striking the body to hear sounds or feel vibrations? |
Percussion
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Which of the following examination methods is the process of listening to body sounds? |
Auscultation
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Physicians use which examination method to determine whether the lungs contain air or fluid? |
Percussion
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Doctors use a stethoscope to perform ____ to assess heart, lung, and bowel sounds. |
auscultation
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Which examination method refers to the process of measuring? |
Mensuration
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You would use which examination method to obtain a patient's height and weight? |
Mensuration
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Which examination method refers to the systematic moving of a patient's body parts? |
Manipulation
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Which examination method do physicians use to determine the range of motion of a joint? |
Manipulation
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Which of the following equipment should the medical assistant provide to the physician for examining a patient's lungs and chest? |
Stethoscope
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A medical assistant provides a physician with which piece of equipment to use in examining the ears? |
Otoscope
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Which of the following is Nägele's rule? |
First day of last menstrual period, subtract 3 months, add 7 days plus 1 year
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Which of the following consists of widening the opening of the cervix and scraping the uterine lining? |
D&C |
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In which procedure does the physician examine the walls of the bladder and urethra by visualization and inspection? |
Cystoscopy
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Which of the following should you include in your teaching after a patient has a dilation and curettage (D and C)? |
Instruct the patient to avoid the use of tampons for 1 week after the procedure |
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A heavy or dragging feeling in the groin, enlargement of one testicle, and a dull ache in the groin are symptoms of ____. |
testicular cancer
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Which of the following is not part included of the medical assistant's role in a urologist's office? |
Visual inspection of the external genitalia
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The specimen obtained by a cervical biopsy is sent to the laboratory with a(n) ____. |
cytology laboratory requisition |
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Treatment for prostatitis includes ____. |
antibiotic medications and sitz baths
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The acronym LMP refers to the ____. |
last day of a woman's last menstrual period |
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Which procedure is performed when a genetic or metabolic defect is suspected in a fetus? |
Amniocentesis |
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Which of the following is the best description of menopause? |
The natural cessation of a woman's menstrual cycles
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Another name for enlargement of the prostate gland is ____. |
prostatic hypertrophy
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Which of the following is used to measure urinary bladder capacity and pressure? |
Cystometry
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Men should be instructed to perform a monthly testicular self-exam starting at age ____. |
15
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Which of the following is the treatment for jaundice in a newborn? |
Keep the infant well hydrated with breast milk or formula
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At what ages should toddlers have well-child exams? |
15, 18, 24, and 30 months
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A birth-related disorder of the nerves and muscles caused by brain damage that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth or in early childhood is ________. |
Cerebral Palsy |
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How many well-baby examinations are needed in an infant's first year? |
7 |
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Which of the following would you not recommend to reduce the risk of SIDS? |
Put the infant to sleep on his stomach
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At what age do most SIDS cases occur? |
Between 2 and 4 months of age
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The purpose of an immunization is to ____. |
reduce a person's susceptibility to infection
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Which of the following statements about well-child examination is true? |
. From the age of 3, children should have well-child examinations every year.
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Which of the following is a birth-related disorder that is the most frequent crippling disease in children? |
Cerebral palsy
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Which of the following is not a guideline to help keep infants and toddlers safe? |
Allow only plush toys in the infant's crib
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Which of the following is a genetic disorder that results from one extra chromosome in each cell during the development of the fetus? |
Down syndrome
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Which of the following is not a guideline for proper vaccine storage and handling? |
Rotate your supply of vaccines so those with the longest expiration date are used first |
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For which of the following diseases are toxoids used to produce active immunity? |
Tetanus and diphtheria |
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The best site for obtaining a blood specimen from an infant is the ____. |
heel
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When communicating with a patient with a visual impairment, ____. |
provide instruction sheets in large type
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When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, ____. |
speak in clear, low-pitched tones
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Which of the following is not appropriate when working with an elderly patient? |
Go along with the patient's misconceptions about his or her condition |
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Which of the following tips will help you communicate more effectively with an older patient? |
Look for a way to make a connection with the patient |
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Which of the following is the specific diagnostic test for depression? |
There is no specific diagnostic test |
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Which of the following is a reason for the low rate of treatment for depression among elderly patients? |
Elderly patients and their families believe depression is a normal consequence of growing old. |
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Which of the following are symptoms of depression in the elderly? |
Indecisiveness and difficulty in concentrating
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about the treatment of depression in the elderly? |
of taking medication for a mental problem.
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Treatment for depression in elderly patients includes ____. |
antidepressants and psychotherapy
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The postural abnormality _____ often occurs in elderly women due to a loss of bone density, causing a characteristic curvature of the spine, known as "humpback." |
kyphosis
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Elderly patients are defined as patients who are over the age of ____. |
65
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Medical specialists who specialize in the care of elderly people are ____. |
geriatricians
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Which of the following is a sign of aging in the integumentary system? |
Atrophy of the subcutaneous layer of skin
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Which of the following is a sign of aging in the nervous system? |
Shortened attention span
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Another term for degenerative joint disease is ____. |
osteoarthritis
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A condition in which cholesterol and triglyceride levels are above normal is ____. |
hyperlipidemia
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Which of the following treatments would be used for a patient who has congestive heart failure? |
Diuretics
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Which of the following conditions can be alleviated by encouraging elderly patients to eat more high-fiber foods and drink plenty of fluids? |
Constipation-diarrhea cycle
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Mr. Hartman is 89 years old and has been living alone in a small apartment downtown since his wife died two years ago. His son Richard brought him to the office for a checkup, saying that when he checked on his father yesterday, Mr. Hartman seemed confused and could not tell Richard when he had last eaten. Mr. Hartman is very thin, but he states that he eats "whenever I am hungry." Which of the following conditions might you suspect? |
Depression
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The body makes protein out of ____. |
amino acids
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After the body's carbohydrate reserves are depleted, which of the following does the body burn? |
Fat
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Which of the following can be converted to glucose and used for immediate fuel? |
Carbohydrates
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Lisa has just found out that she is pregnant. This is her first pregnancy, and she wants to be sure to do everything right. She tells you, "I know I should not have any alcohol, and I have never been a smoker, but what about food? Is there anything I should do differently, or avoid? Which of the following would you include when teaching Lisa about nutrition during pregnancy? |
"Eat an additional 10 to 15 g of protein a day."
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Which of the following provide two-thirds of a person's daily energy needs? |
Carbohydrates |
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A measure of body fat based on height and weight that is often used in assessing nutritional levels is the ____. |
body mass index |
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Which mineral is found in dairy products, green leafy vegetables, broccoli, legumes, and the soft bones of sardines and salmon? |
Calcium
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Each gram of ____ contains four calories. |
protein
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Which of the following are saturated fats? |
Coconut and palm oils
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Which of the following are either stored in the liver and muscle cells as glycogen or converted and stored as fat? |
Carbohydrates
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An excess of which of the following can lead to increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood and an increased risk of heart and artery disease? |
Lipids
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Major minerals the body needs in fairly large quantities include ____. |
calcium and phosphorus
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A deficiency in which mineral causes a goiter? |
Iodine
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Which of the following are characteristic of saturated fats? |
. They are derived from animal sources and are solid at room temperature. |
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The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1º C is a (n) ____. |
calorie |
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Which of the following is especially important to increase in the diet of patients with cancer to help replace cells destroyed by cancer treatments? |
Proteins
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Which of the following builds healthy bones and teeth, aids in blood clotting, and helps nerves and muscles function? |
Calcium
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Which of the following are functions of lipids?
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They provide a concentrated source of heat and energy.
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Which of the following contain unsaturated fats? |
Corn oil and olive oil |
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It is recommended that what percentage of an individual's total daily caloric intake be made up of carbohydrates? |
45% to 65% |
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Which of the following are natural, inorganic substances the body needs to help build and maintain body tissues and carry on life functions? |
Minerals
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Which of the following is a function of proteins? |
They assist in maintaining the body's water balance.
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Which of the following is the most essential nutrient for building and repairing cells and tissue? |
Protein
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It is recommended that what percentage of an individual's total daily caloric intake be made up of protein? |
10% to 35% |
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The body's ability to resist pathogens and disease is called ____. |
immunity |
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Which of the following is a function of fiber? It transports fat-soluble vitamins. |
It absorbs organic wastes and toxins in the body so they can be expelled.
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Which of the following helps treat and prevent constipation, hemorrhoids, diverticular disease, and irritable bowel syndrome? |
Fiber
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Too little of which of the following nutrients can result in an increased risk of colon cancer, hypercholesterolemia, and increased blood glucose levels? |
Fats
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A small amount of tissue removed from the body for examination under a microscope is a(n) ____. |
biopsy specimen
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Debridement is ____. |
the surgical removal of debris or dead tissue from a wound
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The first step in preventing a nonsurgical wound from becoming infected is ____. |
cleansing |
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Which of the following occurs during the inflammatory phase of healing? |
Blood vessels in the affected area constrict
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The proliferation phase of healing is characterized by ____. |
the development of new tissue
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Which of the following occurs in the maturation phase of healing? |
A continuous layer of skin cells thickens and pushes off the scab, leaving a scar.
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A wound will heal better if the edges are brought close together or ____. |
approximate
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Edges of an incision that are approximated ____. |
require surgical removal of the dead tissue protect the area from contamination and minimize scab and scar formation
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Which of the following are characteristics of absorbable sutures? |
They are made of gut and do not require removal after the wound has healed.
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Which of the following are characteristics of nonabsorbable sutures? |
They must be removed after substantial healing has taken place. |
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Which of the following uses an intense beam of light to cut away tissue? |
Laser surgery |
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An advantage of laser surgery is that ____. |
it promotes quick healing and prevents infection |
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Which of the following would you include when preparing a room for laser surgery? |
Make sure everyone in the room, including the patient, wears safety goggles
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How does a laser cut away tissue? |
It vaporizes unwanted tissue.
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