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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Identify the 4 growth factors mentioned in class.
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Temperature
pH Osmotic pressure UV radiation |
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Identify how temperature and pH affect growth.
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They affect how proteins fold into their overall 3D conformation.
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Identify the 3 types of osmotic pressure solutions.
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Isotonic solutions
Hypertonic solutions Hypotonic solutions |
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isotonic solution
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equal amount of solutes and water; net movement is zero
Note: Water is still moving, but in equal amounts both ways. |
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hypertonic solution
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solution contains large amounts of solutes and less water
results = less water in the cells (AKA plasmolysis) |
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hypotonic solution
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solution contains fewer amounts of solutes and more water
results = cells gaining water |
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How does UV radiation affect growth?
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UV radiation leads to the formation of "thymine dimers" in DNA, which introduce mutations into subsequent rounds of replication.
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disinfectants
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antibacterial agents used on inanimate objects; very strong & harsh
i.e. Bacdown |
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antiseptics
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antibacterial agents used on living tissue; should be mild
i.e. Betadine |
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antibiotics
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chemicals utilized to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms
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bacteriostatic
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slows down or halts the growth of bacteria
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bacteriocidal
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actually "kills" bacteria
Tip: homicidal is murder |
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The effectiveness of antibiotics is determined by the ________________.
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zone of inhibition.
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zone of inhibition
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clear, white area surrounding disk with no bacterial growth; used to determine the effectiveness of antiseptics and antibiotics
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Identify the 8 cleaning agents tested in lab.
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Lysol, antibacterial
Lysol, plain Bacdown Mouthwash Multipurpose cleaner (Mr. Clean) Hydrogen Peroxide 91% Alcohol Betadine |
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Identify the 2 bacteria used with the cleaning agents.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
S. aureus |
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How do we measure the zone of inhibition for antiseptics?
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You measure the radius, from the edge of the disc to the end of the clear zone in mm.
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How do we measure the zone of inhibition for antibiotics?
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You measure the diameter, from one edge of the clear zone to the other in mm.
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Why are mannitol plates BOTH selective and differential?
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SELECTIVE
They are 7.5% NaCl, which means they are selective for bacteria that like salty environments. DIFFERENTIAL Contains phenol red (pH indicator) that turns yellow when acids are detected. (S. aureus, if present, will eat mannitol, and acids are produced as a byproduct.) |