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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1.1
central immune organs |
immune cell generation and maturation
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1.2
peripheral organs |
antigen recognition and immune cell activation
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1.3
lymph organ |
carries antigen to nodes and lymphocytes back to blood
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1.4
pluripotent stem cells |
precursor for blood-forming (hematopoietic) system
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1.5
lymphocytes |
B, T, NK
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1.6
myeloid |
monocytes
macrophages dendritic cells granulocytes |
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1.7
immunogen |
substance that induce immune response
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1.8
antigen (Ag) |
substance that react w/ the product of the immune response
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1.9
autoreactive |
- reactive to both self and non-self
- bind strongly to other cells of the body - eliminated - deletion, anergy (unresponsive), suppresion |
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1.10
tolerant/educated |
no response to self
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1.11
B lymphocytes |
make and secrete antibodies (antigen receptor)
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1.12
cytotoxic |
T cells killing the pathogens
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1.13
dendrites/macrophages |
take antigens and break them up to pieces (processing) and present them to T cells
- professional antigen presenting cells |
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1.14
macrophages, neutrophils |
active in early immune response => phagocytic cells
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1.15
basophil, eosinophil, mast cells |
inflammation
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1.16
CB3 |
T cell receptor, TCR
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1.17
antibody reagents |
used in the lab to tell cells apart between their cell surface proteins
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1.18
perforin |
create hole in the membrane of target cell and kill it
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1.19
Th1 |
- cytokine interferon-gamma
- activation of macrophages |
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1.20
cell surface molecules distinguish cells by: |
function, stages of differentiation and activation, secreted small molecules (cytokines)
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1.21
Th2 |
interleukin 10 => B lymphocyte/antibody (humoral) response
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1.22
antigen presentation |
MHC binds to a piece of the pathogen (antigenic peptide) and brings it up to the cell surface => visible to the immune system
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1.23
interaction of CD3 & TCR |
sends activation signal into T lymphocytes to activate and proliferate
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1.24
CD4/8 -> MHC |
T lymph and MHC adhere together long enough for signaling
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1.25 CD28 -> CD80/86 (B7)
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naive T cell need second signal to become activated
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1.26
immunologic synapse |
small area b/w cells that contain lots of receptors and ligands
- brought on by CD28-CD80/86 (B7) |
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1.27
CHEMOKINES |
a cytokine that causes cell to migrate
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1.28
cytokines |
when cell receive activating signal => they release these little proteins that are hormone like => bind cell surface receptors on a variety of cells => stimulate lots of things
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1.29
systemic cytokines |
cause systemic effects: fever, shock, liver produce acute phase proteins
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1.30
effector cells |
fight infection non-specific
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1.31
toll-like receptors on macrophages |
recognize molecular patterns not found in human but are in microorganisms
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1.32
complement systems |
antibacterial proteins
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1.33
antibody receptor, structure of |
2 identical antigen binding arms
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1.34
activation of B cells |
- B meet T in lymph node
- B antibody interact w/ activated T thru cell surface or cytokines |
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1.35
cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
- helped by helper T
- goes to the infection site and destroy pathogen |
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1.36
IgG |
- most common antibody
- transfered from mother -> fetus |
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1.37
IgA |
- passed via breast milk
- secretions: lung, gut |
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1.38
IgE: |
parasites, mast cells, allergy
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1.39
IgM |
bind to microbes
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1.40
IgD |
B cell maturation
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1.41
complement cascade |
- series of blood proteins bind onto antigen/antibody in sequential order
- each step, protein is cleaved, enzyme and small peptide released - stimulate inflammation |
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1.42
C1 |
- first protein in complement cascade
- detect antibody bound to antigen |
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1.43
membrane attack complex |
- if antibody bound to cell => final stage is membrane attack complex that can attack the cell membrane of pathogen
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1.44
immune response for parasites |
- IgE antibody
- mast cell, eosinophills, basophils |
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1.45
immune response for intracellular vesicles |
macrophage activation
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1.46
immune response for intracellular cytoplasmic |
NK cells
cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
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1.47
immune response for extracellular |
IgG antibody
complement phagocytosis |
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1.48
DiGeorge syndrome |
- deletion chromosome 22
- lack of thymic development - T lack place to mature |
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1.49
lupus (SLE) |
attack chromatin./DNA-protein
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1.50
Type I hypersensitivity: |
- allergy, asthma, systemic analphylaxis
- mast cells and IgE - bee sting |
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1.51
Type II hypersensitivity |
- penicillin allergy
- IgG, complement and phagocytic cells |
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I.52
Type III hypersensitivity |
- IgG
- serum sickness |
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1.53
Type IV hypersensitivity |
- helper or cytotoxic T cells
- poison Ivy - delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) |