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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
AKA
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Above knee amputation
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Osteoblast
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Bone forming cell
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Osteoclast
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Bone resorption cell
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Osteocyte
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Mature bone cell
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Cortical bone
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Compact bone
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Cancellous bone
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Latticelike bone structure; trabecular bone
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Bursa
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fluid filled sace found in connective tissue usually in the area of joints
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BKA
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below kneea amputation
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Bursitis
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inflammation of a fluid filled sac in the joint (bursa)
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Cast Syndrome
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psychological (claustrophobic reaction) or physiologic (superior mesenteric artery syndrome) responses to confinement in body cast
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Arthroplasty
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replacement of a joint
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Callus
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cartilaginous/fibrous tissue at the fracture site
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Crepitus
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grating sound of sensation by rubbing bony fragments together
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Delayed Union
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prolongation of expected healing time for a fracture
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Diaphysis
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shaft of long bone
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Ankylosis
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fixation or immobility of a joint
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Arthritis
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inflammation of a joint
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Osteoarthritis
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degenerative joint disease
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Osteophyte
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a bony outgrowth or protuberance; bone spur
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Pannus
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proliferation of newly formed synovial tissue infiltrated with inflammatory cells
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Rheumatic diseases
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numerous disorders affecting skeletal muscles, bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and joints
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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autoimmune disease of unknown origin
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Subchondral bone
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bony plate that supports the articular cartilage
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Tophi
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accumulation of crystalline deposits in articular surfaces, bones, soft tissue, and cartilage
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Atonic
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without tone; denervated muscle that atrophies
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Atrophy
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shrinkagelike decreases in the size of a muscle
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Cartilage
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tough, elastic, avascular tissue at ends of bone
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Clonus
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rhythmic contraction of muscle
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Contracture
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abnormal shortening of muscle of joint
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Effusion
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excess fluid in joint
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Endosteum
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thin, vascular membrane covering the marrow cavity of long bones and the spaces in cancellous bone
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Epiphysis
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end of long bone
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Fascia
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fibrous tissue that covers, supports, and seperates muscles
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Fasciculation
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involuntary twitch of muscle fibers
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Flaccid
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limp; without muscle tone
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Hypertrophy
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enlargement increase in size of muscle
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Isotonic contration
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muscle tension unchanged, muscle shortened, joint moved
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Isometric contraction
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muscle tension increased, length unchanged, no joint motion
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Joint
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area where bone ends meet; provides for motion and flexibility
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Joint capsule
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fibrous tissue that encloses bone ends and other joint surfaces
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Kyphosis
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increase in the convex curvature of the spine
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Lamellae
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mature compact bone structures that form concentric rings of bone matrix; lamellar bone
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Ligament
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connect bone to bone
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Lordosis
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increase in lumbar curvature of the spine
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Ossification
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process in which minerals (calcium)are deposited in bone matrix
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Osteogenesis
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bone formation
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Osteon
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microscopic functional bone unit
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Parasthesia
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abnormal sensation (burning, tingling, numbness)
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Periosteum
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fibrous connective tissue covering bone
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Remodeling
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process that ensures bone maintenance through simultaneous bone resorption and formation
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Resorption
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removal/destruction of tissue such as bone
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Scoliosis
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lateral curving of the spine
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Spastic
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having greater than normal muscle tone
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Synovium
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membrane in joint that secretes lubricating fluid
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Tendon
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Connect muscle to bone
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Tone
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normal tesion (resistance to stretch) in resting muscle
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Trabeculae
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latticelike bone structure; cancellous bone
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Brace
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externally applied device to support the body or a body part, control movement, and prevent injury
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Cast
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rigid external immobilizing device molded to contours of body part
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CPM-Continuous passive motion device
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promotes range of motion, circulation, and healing
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Edema
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soft tissue swelling due to fluid accumulation
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External Fixator
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external metal frame attached to bone fragments to stabilize them
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Fracture
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break in the continuity of the bone
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Heterotopic ossification
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mispalced formation of bone
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Neurovascular status
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neurologic (motor and sensory components) and circulatory functioning of a body part
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ORIF-Open reduction with internal fixation
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open surgical procedure to repair and stabilize a fracture
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Osteomyeltis
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infection of the bone
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Osteotomy
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Surgical cutting of the bone
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Sling
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bandage used to support an arm
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Splint
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Device designed specifically to support and immobilize a body part in a desired position
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Traction
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application of a pulling force to a part of the body
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Trapeze
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overhead assistive device to promote patient mobility in bed
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Contracture
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abnormal shortening of muscle or fibrosis of joint structures
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Involucrum
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new bone growth around a sequestrum
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Radiculopathy
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disease of a nerve root
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Sciatica
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sciatic nerve pain; pain travels down back of thigh into foot
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Sequestrum
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dead bone in abscess cavity
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Tendinitis
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inflammation of muscle tendons
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Allograft
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tissue harvested from a donor for use in another person
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Amputaion
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removal of a body part, usually a limb or a part of a limb
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Arthroscope
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surgical scope injected into the joint to examine or repair
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Autograft
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tissue harvested from one area of the body and used for transplantation to another are of the same body
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Contusion
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blunt force injury to soft tissue
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Debridement
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surgical removal of contaminated and devitalized tissues and foreign materal
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Delayed Union
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prolongation of expected healing time for a fracture
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Disarticulation
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amputation through a joint
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Dislocation
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complete seperation of joint surfaces
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Fracture
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a break in the continuity of a bone
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Fracture Reduction
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restoration of fracture fragments into anatomic alignment
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Malunion
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healing of a fractured bone in a malalgned position
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Nonunion
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failure of fractured bones to heal together
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Phantom Limb Pain
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pain perceived in an amputated section
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RICE
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rest, ice, compress, elevate
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Sprain
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an injury to ligaments and muscles and other soft tissues at a joint
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Strain
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a musculotendinous stress injury (tear)
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Subluxation
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Partial seperation of joint surfaces
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What are the 5 p's?
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pain, pallor, pulse paresthesia, paralysis
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