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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abnormal variation in size of erythrocyte. |
Anisocytosis |
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Abnormal variation in shape of the erythrocyte? |
Poikilocytosis |
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Erythrocyte with a diameter of 9-12 microns. |
Macrocytes |
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RBC shows a peripheral time of hemoglobin with a dark staining central area. |
Target cell |
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RBC with the bull’s eye appearance. |
Thalassemia Liver disease Post splenectomy |
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⬆️ in iron in the mitochondria of normoblasts. |
Sideroblastic anemia |
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Chronic blood loss? |
Iron deficiency |
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Iron deficiency anemia |
Low serum iron, high TIBC |
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Polycythemia vera |
Pancytosis |
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Not typically seen in the peripheral smear in megaloblastic anemia. |
Spherocytes |
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⬆️ in osmotic fragility in RBCs. |
Hereditary spherocytosis |
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Contain iron stained granules. |
Siderocytes |
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Remnant of nuclear DNA in RBC? |
Howell - Jolly body |
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RNA remains in RBC when stained with? |
New methylene blue |
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Cabot rings found in? |
Erythrocytes |
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Excess membrane for cell volume (bull’s eye). |
Target cell |
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Decreased cell membrane with same cell volume. |
Spherocytes |
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“Pitting” of red blood cell inclusion by spleen. |
Bite cell |
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Crystallization of abnormal hemoglobin during oxygen deprivation. |
Sickle cell |
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RNA inclusion. |
Reticulocyte |
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DNA inclusion? |
Howell - jolly body |
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Iron inclusion? |
Pappenheimer body |
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Hemoglobin inclusion? |
Heinz body |
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Decreased white cells, red cell and platelets. |
Pancytopenia |
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Granulocytes released prematurely to myelocyte stage. |
Left shift |
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⬆️ polychromasia? |
Reticulocytosis |
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WBC count >50,000 /ul? |
Leukomoid reaction |
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WBC inclusion? |
Dohle bodies |
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G6PD deficiency. |
Hexose monophosohate shunt (HMP) |
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Pelger huet anomaly. |
2 lobes & hyperclumped chromatin |
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Lupus cells (LE), most probable source of confusion? |
Tart cells |
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Maybe confused with a shift to the left? |
Pelger-Huet |
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Stain that differentiates AML from ALL? |
Peroxidase |
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Philadelphia chromosome. A low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase NAP/LAP is seen in? |
CGL (Chronic granulocytic leukemia) |
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Auer rods. |
Acute granulocytic leukemia |
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Increased titer or antinuclear antibody (ANA) aids in the diagnosis of? |
SLE |
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Reed steinberg cells |
Hodgkin’s disease |
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Increased basophils and or eosinophils in the early stages. |
Chronic myelocytic leukemia |
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Leucopenia in >50% of ptxs with >90% massive splenomegaly is most likely? |
Hairy cell leukemia |
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Peroxidase is negative for? |
Lymphocytes |
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Most chronic lymphocytic leukemias are neoplasm of? |
B lymphocytes |
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Giant, bizarre platelets, nRBCs & teardrop red blood cells? |
Myelofibrosis |
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Last red blood cell precursor to retain the nucleus before it becomes an erythrocyte? |
Metarubricyte |
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Stain positive for hairy cell leukemia? |
ACP |
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Hodgkin’s disease. |
High WBC count with neutrophilia, high ESR, low serum iron |
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*Requires fresh samples? |
Myeloperoxidase & LAP |
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*Present in neutrophils but NOT in monocytes? |
NAP/LAP |
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*RBC histogram |
MCV & RDW |
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*ALL is diff from AML |
ALL is negative to both peroxidase & esterase |
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*Appropriate screening for HbS |
Sodium dithionite test |
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*Maturation time: 3-5 days, including tissue phase: 121 days |
Erythrocytes |
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*In 1% NaCl solution, what will happen to the RBC. |
Crenate |
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*Computed in automation |
MCHC |
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*Computed in automation |
MCHC |
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*Measures anisocytosis |
RDW |
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*Measures variation in platelet size |
PDW (measure of uniformity of platelet size) MPV (average size of platelets) |
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*Megakaryocytic stage with platelet shedding |
Late metamegakaryocyte (mature metamegakaryocyte: 2000-4000 plts) |
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*Common test for used in patients with hereditary form of hemolytic anemia |
OFT (increased) |
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*Done to further determine anemia |
Blood film studies + MCHC |
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*Test for Bone marrow failure |
RBC & Retic |
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*Sausage shaped nucleus |
Band cell |
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*D shaped nucleus |
Myelocyte |
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*Formation of DMS through cytoplasmic invagination |
Promegakaryocyte |
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*Directly measured by electrical impedance |
RBC, WBC, Platelet |
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*Stem cell to blast: 5 Life span in tissue: 10 days |
Monocyte |
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*Bone marrow smear is prepared by? |
Crush Concentrate Particulate |
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*How to make a good smear |
Smooth |
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*What can be made in automated smear maker? |
Wedge |
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*What can be made in automated smear maker? |
Wedge |
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*Failure to create secondary enzymes *Hyposegmentation |
Pelger Huet |
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*Differentiate CML from Leukomoid |
LAP score of more than 100 |
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*Increase in WBC |
Strenous exercises Emotion Crying |
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•Stains ALP present in the neutrophil •Increased in infections with neutrophilia (leukomoid reaction) •Decreased in CML •Fresh capillary blood specimen |
LAP (Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase) |
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•Used to differentiate AML & Monocytic leukemia from ALL •Fresh blood smear is the specimen |
Myeloperoxidase Stain |
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•Differentiate AML & myelomonocytic leukemia from ALL |
Sudan Black B |
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•Stains mucoproteins, glycoproteins. •Used in the diagnosis of FAB M6 (DGS) •L1 & L2 produce a block pattern |
Periodic Acid Schiff Stain |
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•Stains esterases in granulocytes & mast cell granules •Differentiate granulocytic cells from monocytic cells |
Naphthol AS -D Choroacetate Esterase |
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•Marker for Hairy Cell Leukemia |
TRAP (Tartrate resistant ACP) |
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•Useful for the recognition of mast cells & tissue basophils |
Toluidine blue |
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•Screening procedure for the detection of chronic granulomatous disease •Heparanized whole blood is the specimen |
Nitroblue Tetrazolium Neutrophil Reduction Test |
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•Present in 90% cases of ALL |
Terminal Deoxyribonucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) |