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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sport
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Any activity, experience, or business enterprise for which the primary focus is fitness, recreation, athetics, and leisure related
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Sports
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same as sport and does not have to be competitive, nor have rules, and can be as easy as working out
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Entertainment
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any activity, physical, nonphysical, pursued for a purpose of happiness, amusement or enjoyment of self and or others and paid for by the consumer's time, money or a combination of both.
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Discretionary Funds
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money left over after-necessary expenditure have been made.
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Networking
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the building up or maintaining of informal relationship with people for job opportunity in the business world
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Critical Thinking
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3 parts: the awareness of a set of inrerrelated questions, or the ability to ask and answer critical questions at approriate times, the desire to use those questions and accept their results as a guide to behavior
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Descriptive and prescriptive
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descriptive is concerns about the way the world is, was,or will be. prescriptive is concerns about the way the world should or ought to be
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Watershed events
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Events or developments in an industry the causes significant changes throughout the industry
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Reason why Advertising
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Advertisments that tell the consumers why they should buy a certain product
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Bicycle Craze
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in the late 1800s many new bicylces industries sprung up and the price of bicycle dropped significantly and the industry was about to crash and those who survived the crash came out to be very successful.
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Endorsment advertising
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Advertisment using major athletes or celebrities to promote their product in a postive manner
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Sherman Anit-trust Act
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was created to prohit companies from dominating their respective market in interstate commerical activity, thus creating a monoploy in which consumers have only one product choice rather than serveral
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Collective Bargaining
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Process used to negotiate work terms between labor and managment. All active leauge players are in bargaining unit and thus forming a collective unit for negotiating and bargianing with the owners.
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Labor
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A collective group of athletes in team sports who unionize so they can bargian collectively with the league owners. Labor is typically represented by a union head in negtiations with management
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Lesgue think
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pioneered and mostly used in the NFL these terms represents the notion that terms must recongnized the importantance of thier competition and share revenues to ensure that their competitors remain strong.
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Local televison contracts
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Agreements made between pro teams and local television stations and regional sport networks. These agreements provide teams with additional media revenue beyond what they receive from nation television contract.
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Salary caps
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agreements collectively bargained between labor and management that establish a leauge wide team payroll threshold that cannot be exceeded in most cases. The salary caps is typically set using a precentage of leauge gross revenue as a starting point
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sponsorship
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The acquisitions of rights to affiliate or associate directly with a product or event for the purpose of deriving benefits related to the affiliation or association
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Virtual signage
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Signage that is generated by digital technology and placed into sport event telecasts so that is appears as though the sign is part of a playing surface or adjacent to the playing surface.
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EADA
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Stand for Equity in Athetics Disclosure Act. It provides public information about the spending patterns of athletic department in terms of men's and women's programs
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NCAA
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Largest and most influence college sport governing body in the US. it has 1288 colleges universities and sport orgainzations. It is separated into 3 divisions
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Division I
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Can give athletic scholarships most popular for sport watchers
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Division II
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Can give athletic scholarships smallest of the 3 divisions in number of schools
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Division III
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cannot give scholarships but it is the largest in number of schools compromising 40% of the NCAA
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Full house Agencies
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offer a variety of service and includes IMG, Octagon,and Wasserman media group (WMG). The first agency was IMG
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General Agencies
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16W marketing is a generalist agency that uses intergrated approach in the development of client programs
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Specialty Agencies
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It specializes in the type of service that it provides or in the scope of its clientele. They include velocity sports and entertainment and sportsmark management group LTD.
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In-house Agencies
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they are departments of compaines that perform sport functions on behalf of the product and divisions of the parent company
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Sport Tourism
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two type active which is when a person travels to take part in a sport. And passive in which a person travels to watch a sport, Thus it is the leisure based travel that takes individuals temporarity outside their communities to play or watch a sport or a nostalgic place to see a game like fenway park for example.
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types of tourism- active,event, and nostalgia
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three types active which is when a person travels to take part in a sport. and passive in which a person travels to watch a sport. and nostalgic is which they go to see a park or stadium
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Marketing Mix 4 P's-Product
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A tangible good object or service and intangible quality that satisfies consumers wants or needs
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Price
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The value of a product and the cost that the consumer must accept to get the product
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Place
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the distribution channels that allow comsumers to access or obtain the product
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Promotion
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The intergrated communication and public relations activites that communicate, inform, persuade, and motivate comsumers to purchase the product.
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10 P's- Step 3-Marketing Climate-SWOT
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Project the market climate, using SWOT analysis which is Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Treats
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Step 5- Target market- Demographic
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which is putting people together based on age, gender, race, and income
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Step 5- Target market- Psychogrpahic
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Which is putting people together based on attitude interest and lifestyle
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Step 5- Target market- Media Preference
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Which is based on their sport media such as radio, internet, or televison
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Step 5- Target market- Purchase Behavior
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which is based on how often they attend an event and how often they get food or drink there
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Step 7-Price
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There are 4 factors when it comes to price they are comsumer, competitor, company, and climate. Trading is very common today and there may be no price but an event may use a food source and trade promotion at the event
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Step 8- Promote the product
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Elements included in promotion are advertising, publicity, activites, and inducemen, public relations, personal selling, and sponsorship.
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Public Relations
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they are divided into two models they are two ways and one way communication. Which are one way which is informatiol from sport to people and two way which is from sport to people and then feedback back to the sport
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Source or Sender
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sends info out
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Message
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the Message that goes out
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Channel
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It is how the message is sent and delivered
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Receiver
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Receives the info
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Noise
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It refers to the impeding of the communication
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Feedback
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Communication that is sent back after an event that can be negative or postive manner on how the event was or any changes that are needed to improve event
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Personal Communication
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It includes interpersonal, intrapersonal, and small group communication
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Organizational communication
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it's the same as personal in which those three types may occur as intraorgainzation or interorgaintional
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Community Relations
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often focuses on the promotion of charitable initiatives affiliated with the sport orgainization and the development of opportunities for face to face contact with stockholders
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Single Purpose
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One use such as bowling alley
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Single purpose specialty
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such as ice areas
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Multi-purpose
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many uses large stadium such as dow diamond
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Nontraditional
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skate-board parks
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event Management
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every event is a product an outcome and an occurrence. You are in charge of the entire event from prep from finish. The standards are high and all must be as close to perfect as possible. there are different personal for the job there are the executive director, operations and division manager, there are PR marketing and hospitality mangers asa well.
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Reserved Seating
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a spectator has a certain seat in a certain section and certain row
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general Admission
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there is no seat you can sit where you like
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Festival seating
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You may stand anywhere and there are no seats for example lawn seats
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Risk management- Safety, staff
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a staff must be on cite at all time and must know all the safety precautions for the event
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Alcohal Policies
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A person may not leave the event with an alcohal beverage, can only purchase 2 at a time, and alcohal must be stopped at a certain period before the event ends so the consumers can sober up.
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Crowd Management
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they are in charge of the crowd the must have staff training, and they are responsible for emergency planning, helping disabled, communication system, ejections of people, and effective singage
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Market segment
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a portion of population that is distinctive in needs characteristics and behavior
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Target market
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market segment identified as the focus of the market
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Participation motivation
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3 types achievement, social, and mastery. They give out awards such as trophies for MVP's and all-star game
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Spectator motivation
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people watch sports as a diversion to everyday life, also as a eustress or giving them a positive attiude and arousal, also spend time with family or friends
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Cognitives dissonance
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Feeling of anxiety or doubt that can occur after an important decision has been made
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Law
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the aggregate of legislation, judicial precesdents and accepted legal principals
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source of Law
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Constituation, statues, administrative laws, common law
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precedent
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a legal case establishing a rule that a court may use or many similar case
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stare decisis
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Means " stand by things decied" it express the notion prior to the court decisions and they must be recognized as precedent
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American with Disabilites act (ADA)
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passed in 1990 prohibits discrimination aganist people with disablities and those who may have one
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Title IX- Comliance
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passed in 1972 which is that a school cannot put more funds into men's education and sport then they put into the women's affiliations
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Tort Law
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Focuses on whether or not a person failed to perform appropriately based on his or her relationship with the injured plaintiff. the purose is to remedy as wrong
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Negligence- four elements
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duties, breach of duty, proximate cause, and injury
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Intentional tort
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torts that provide a plaintiff with legitimate cause of action they include invasion of privacy, defamation, assault and battery
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Contact law
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It enables private parties to enter agreements and enforc them legally
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sport sociology
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the scientific investigation of relationships, social interactions, and culture that is created, maintained, changed and contested in and through sport relates to everyday life
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Sport as a socialzing agent
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sports bring people together and create bonds that can be life changing
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Racism in Professional sport
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there are many events where there are racism and there are still some today such as jackie robinson breaking the barrier in baseball
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Homophobia and its effects on female athletes
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men's sports are harsh on gay athletes and many of them keep it quite till after their career are over they try to so they don't get ripped on by fans and lose interest in the game they love and succed at. More ladies are coming out now if they are gay and we as a society should learn to live the athletes sexual preference.
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Sport as a catalyst for social change
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sports can help society change because it helps them realize we are all people and no matter what reae or sex ect. we all are one and sports can change people and make everyone realize that.
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