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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Memory |
Persistence of learning over time through storage and retrieval of info |
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Encoding |
Processing of info into memory system |
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Storage |
Retention of encoded info over time |
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Retrieval |
Process of getting info out of memory storage |
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Sensory memory |
Immediate, very brief recording of sensory info in memory system |
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Short term memory |
Activated memory that holds a few items briefly |
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Long term memory |
Relatively permanent + limitless storehouse of memory system |
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Working memory |
Newer understanding of short term memory focusing on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory + visual-spatial info |
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Parallel Processing |
Processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously |
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Automatic processing |
Unconscious encoding of incidental info |
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Effortful processing |
Encoding requiring attention and conscious effort |
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Rehearsal |
Conscious repetition of information to maintain in consciousness or encode for storage |
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Spacing effect |
Tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention |
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Serial position effect |
Tendency to recall best the last + first terms in a list |
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Visual encoding |
Encoding of picture images |
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Acoustic Encoding |
Encoding of sound |
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Semantic encoding |
Encoding of meaning |
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Imagery |
Mental pictures |
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Mnemonics |
Memory aids |
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Chunking |
Organizing items into familiar, manageable units |
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Iconic memory |
Momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli |
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Echoic memory |
Momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli |
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Long term potential |
Increase in synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation |
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Flashbulb memory |
Clear memory of an emotionally significant moment |
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Amnesia |
Loss of memory |
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Implicit memory |
Retention independent of conscious recollection |
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Explicit memory |
Memory of facts and experiences one can consciously know and declare |
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Hippocampus |
Neural center located in the limbic system |
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Recall |
Measure of memory in which one must retrieve info learned earlier |
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Recognition |
Measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned |
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Relearning |
Measure of memory assessing amount of time saved when learning material for the 2nd time |
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Priming |
Activation of particular association into memory |
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Deja vu |
Eerie sense of "I've experienced this before" |
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Mood congruent memory |
Tendency to recall experiences consistent with one's current mood |
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Proactive interference |
Disruptive effect of prior learning on recall of new info |
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Retroactive interference |
Disruptive effect of new learning on recall of old info |
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Repression |
Basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories |
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Misinformation effect |
Incorporating misleading info into one's memory of an event |
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Source of amnesia |
attributing the wrong source an event experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined |