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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Lava |
Magma, or molten rock from the earth's mantle, that breaks through the surface of the earth during volcanic activity. |
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Fold |
A bend or buckle in the earth's crust. |
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Faults |
A fracture, or break, in the earth's crust. |
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Plate Tectonics |
The theory that the earth's outer shell is composed of a number of large, unanchored plates, or slabs of rock, whose constant movement explains earthquakes and volcanic activity. |
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Continental Drift Theory |
The idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonics plates on which they ride. |
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Ring of Fire |
A ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the rim of the Pacific Ocean. |
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Weathering |
The chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down, eventually becoming soil. |
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Mechanical Weathering |
The actual breaking up or physical weakening of rock by forces such as ice and roots. |
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Chemical Weathering |
The process by which the actual chemical structure of rock is changed, usually when water and carbon dioxide cause a breakdown of the rock.
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Acid Rain |
Rain whose concentration of chemicals, usually from industrial pollution, that pollutes water, kills plant and animal life, and eats away at the surface of stone and rock; a form of chemical weathering. |
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Erosion |
The movement of weathered materials, including gravel, soil, and sand, usually caused by water, wind, and glaciers. |
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Sediment |
Small particles of soil, sand, and gravel carried and deposited by water. |
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Loess |
Fine-grained, mineral-rich loam, dust, or silt deposited by the wind. |
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Glaciers |
A huge, slow-moving mass of snow and ice, formed over many years from layers of unmelted snow pressing together, thawing slightly, and refreezing. |
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Moraines |
A ridge-like mass of rock, gravel, sand, and clay carried and deposited by a glacier |