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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Coinage
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the invention of new words (e.g. Xerox)
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Eponyms
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a word derived from the name of a person or place (e.g. sandwich)
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Borrowing
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the process of taking words from other languages (e.g. karaoke)
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Loan-translation
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a type of borrowing in which each element of a word is translated into the borrowing language, also called calque (e.g. grate-ciel “scrape- sky” for skyscraper)
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Calque
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a type of borrowing in which each element of a word is translated into the borrowing language, also called loan-translation (e.g. grate-ciel “scrape- sky” for skyscraper)
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Compounding
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the process of combining two (or more) words to form a new word (e.g. waterbed)
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Blending
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the process of combining the beginning of one word and the end of another word to form a new word (e.g. brunch from breakfast and lunch)
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Clipping
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the process of reducing a word of more than one syllable to a shorter form (e.g. ad from advertisement)
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Hypocorisms
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a word-formation process in which a longer word is reduced to a shorter form with –y or –ie at the end (e.g. telly, movie)
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Backformation
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the process of reducing a word such as a noun to a shorter version and using it as a new word such as a verb (e.g. babysit from babysitter)
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Conversion
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the process of changing the function of a word, such as a noun to a verb, as a way of forming new words, also known as “category change” or “functional shift” (e.g. vacation in They’re vacationing in Florida.)
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Analogy
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a process of forming a new word to be similar in some way to an existing word (e.g. hippie, yippie, yuppie, yappie)
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Derivation
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addition of an affix to form a new word (e.g. clean > cleanly > cleanliness)
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