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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
respiration
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the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
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pulmonary edema
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fluid buildup within the alveoli and lung tissue
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epiglottitis
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bacterial infection that can produce severe swelling
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emphysema
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disease of the lungs in which the alveoli lose elasticity due to chronic stretching
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pleural effusion
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fluid inside the lungs
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TB
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a disease that can lay dormant in the lungs for decades, then reactivate
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dyspnea
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difficulity breathing
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pneumonia
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an infection in the lung that damages lung tissue
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hypoxia
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condition in which the bodys cells and tissues do not have enough oxygen
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bronchitis
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an acute or chronic inflammation of the major lungs passageways
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hyperventilation
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over breathing to the point of too low carbon dioxide in the blood
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allergen
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a substance that causes allergic reaction
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embolus
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a blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel which it causes blockage
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asthma
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acute spasm of the bronchioles associated with excessive mucus production and swelling of the mucous lining
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pneumothorax
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accumulation of air in the pleural space
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the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
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rspiration
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fluid buildup within the alveoli and lung tissue
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pulmonary edema
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bacterial infection that can produce severe swelling
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epiglottitis
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disease of the lungs in which the alveoli lose elasticity due to chronic stretching
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emphysema
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fluid inside the lungs
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pleural effusion
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a disease that can lay dormant in the lungs for decades, then reactivate
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TB
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difficulity breathing
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dyspnea
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an infection in the lung that damages lung tissue
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pneumonia
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condition in which the bodys cells and tissues do not have enough oxygen
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hypoxia
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an acute or chronic inflammation of the major lungs passageways
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bbronchitis
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over breathing to the point of too low carbon dioxide in the blood
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hyperventilation
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a substance that causes allergic reaction
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alergen
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a blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel which it causes blockage
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embolus
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acute spasm of the bronchioles associated with excessive mucus production and swelling of the mucous lining
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asthma
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accumulation of air in the pleural space
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pneumothorax
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A blood clot lodged in the pulmonary artery is referred to as
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a pulmonary embolism
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the oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange takes place in the
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alveoli
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the letter s in the neumonic PASTE stands for
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sputum
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P in PASTE
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progression
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A in PASTE
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associated chest pain
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S in PASTE
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sputum
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T in PASTE
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taking tiredness
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E in PASTE
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exercise tolerance
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if carbon dioxide levels drop too low, the person automatically breathes
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slower and less deeply
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if the level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood rises above normal, the patient breathes
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rapidly and deeply
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inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea resulting in a seal bark is typically caused by
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croup
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the rate of breathing is typically increased when
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carbon dioxide levels increase
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_____ is a sign of hypoxia to the brain
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altered mental status
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an obstruction to the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the capillaries may result from
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pneumonia
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pulmonary edema can develop quickly after a major
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heart attack and/or inhaling toxic chemical fumes
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_____ is a loss of the elastic material around the air spaces as a result of chronic stretching of the alveoli
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emphysema
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____ is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system
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cystic fibrosis
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the patient with COPD usually presents with
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green or yellowish productive cough
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a pneumothorax is a partial or complete accumulation of air in the
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pleural space
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asthma produces a characteristic ____ as patients attempt to exhale through partially obstructed air passages
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wheezing
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an allergic response to certain foods or some other allergen may produce an acute
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asthma release
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treatment for anaphylaxis and acute asthma attacks
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epinephrine, high flow oxygen, antihistamine
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a collection of fluid outside the lungs on one or both sides of the chest is called
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pleural effusion
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always consider ____ in patients who were eating just before becoming short of breath
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upper airway obstruction
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____ is defined as overbreathing to the point that the level of arterial carbon dioxide falls below notmal
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hyperventilation
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which is an indication of inadequate breathing
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accessory muscle use, cyanosis, unequal chest expansion
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TF chronic bronchitis is characterized by spasm and narrowing of the bronchioles due to exposure of an allergen
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false
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TF with pneumothorax, the lung collapses because the negative vacuum pressure in the pleural space is lost
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True
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TF anaphylactic reactions occur only in patients with a previous history of asthma or allergies
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false
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TF decreased breath sounds in asthma occur because fluid in the pleural space has moved the lungs away from the chest wall
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false
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TF patients with carbon monoxide poisoning initially complain of headache, fatigue, and nausea
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true
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tf pulmonary edema is commonly associated with congestive heart failure
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true
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TF the distinction between hyperventilation and hyperventilation syndrome is straightforward and should guide the EMTs treatment choices
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false
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TF COPD most often results from cigarette smoking
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true
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TF asthma and COPD are characterized by long inspriratory times
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false
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TF MRSA is a bacterium that most commonly infects people with weak immune systems
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true
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TF when assessing a patient the general impression will help you decide whether the patients condition is stable or unstable
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true
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TF skin color capillary refill LOC and respiratory pattern are key in evaluating the respiratory patient
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true
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TF oxygen is typically withheld from COPD patients regardless of breathing status
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false
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TF side effects of inhalers used for acute shortness of breath include increased pulse rate, nervousness and muscle tremors
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true
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TF patients who are hyperventilating should be treated by having them breath into a bag
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false
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TF epiglottitis is more predominant in the adult population
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false
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TF an RSV infection can cause respiartory illness such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia
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true
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TF when assisting a patient with a small volumne nebulizer, the oxygen flowmeter should be set to 10 L/min
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false
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TF snoring sounds are indicative of a partial upper airway obstruction
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true
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TF signs and symptoms of pulmonary emboli include dyspnea, hemotypsis, and tachycardia
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true
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____ are high pitched sounds heard on inspiration as air tries to travel an upper airway obstruction
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stridor
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_____ are sounds of air trying to pass through fluid in the alveoli
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rales or crackles
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_____ are lower pitched sounds caused by secreations or mucus in the larger airways
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rhonchi
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5 characteristics of normal breathing
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normal rate
regular pattern clear equal breath sounds regular and equal rise and fall of chest adequate depth |
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list 6 conditions where wheezing can be found
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asthma
COPD pneumonia bronchitis anaphylaxis |
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describe chronic bronchitis
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ongoing irritation of the respitory tract, excess mucus production obstructs small airways, can lead to COPD
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list complications assiciated with a tracheostomy tube
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obstruction
bleeding leaking dislodgement infection |
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what is carbon dioxide retention
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chronically high levels of CO2 in the blood
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