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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the fascia layers in the abdomen |
Superficial Camper's fascia (fatty layer) Scarpa's fascia (membranous, deep layer) |
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define urinary extravasation |
superficial fascia layer extends into penis and scrotum (Dartos fascia) damage to the urethra can make urine/blood go into a 'pocket' surrounded by this fascia |
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briefly describe abdominal lymph drainage |
umbillicus is the line: above drains up (axillary lymph nodes), below drains down (superficial inguinal lymph nodes) |
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briefly describe venous drainage of the abdomen |
femoral vein from leg, superficial epigastric vein, thoracoepigastric vein up to axillary vein |
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what are the 3 muscle layers in the abdomen |
superficial to deep: external oblique internal oblique transversus abdominus |
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describe the external oblique |
'hands in pockets' (superolateral to inferomedial) lower 8 ribs interdigitates with serratus anterior attaches to aponeurosis (broad, flat tendon) attaches to anterior superior iliac spine, pubic tubercle and pubic crest (inguinal ligament) |
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define the linea alba |
connection of left and right side aponeurosis at the midline |
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define the inguinal region |
where the lower limb attaches to the torso |
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describe the internal oblique |
fibers opposite direction to external lower rib attachment, anterior superior iliac spine, aponeurosis, linea alba lower threads are underneath the inguinal ligament formed by external oblique, arch over the spermatic cord (or round ligament) |
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define the conjoint tendon |
internal oblique attachment to pubic crest on both sides |
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describe transversus abdominus |
transverse fibers lower ribs, aponeurosis at center anterior superior iliac spine also under inguinal ligament, arch over spermatic cord (or round ligament) to help form conjoint tendon |
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where is the neurovascular plane located |
between the internal oblique and transversus abdominus extensions of intercostal nerves, T7-T11 subcostal nerves T12 anterior cutaneous branch of L1 |
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describe rectus abdominis |
extends from inferior edge of pectoralis major down to pubic crest tendinous intersections through muscle (make 6 pack) semilunar line external oblique aponeurosis-- always in front at ribs: deep is transversus and apon. below ribs: ex front, transversus back and internal splits to both lower: only thing behind is transversalis fascia transversalis fascia-- always deep |
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define the arcuate line |
where the deep layer of the rectus sheath stops and all that is left is transversalis fascia |
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describe the epigastric vessels |
deep to rectus abdominus superior: extensions of intercostals inferior: branches of iliac vessels |
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describe the parietal peritoneum |
analagous to parietal pleura in lungs and parietal pericardium in abdomen |
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what does the peritoneum form in inguinal region |
tunica vaginalis (covering of testis) |
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what does the transversalis fascia form in inguinal region |
deep inguinal ring becomes internal spermatic fascia in testes |
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what does the transversus abdominus and internal oblique form in inguinal region |
arching fibers, conjoint tendon walls of inguinal canal internal oblique forms cremaster muscle in testes |
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what does the aponeurosis of external oblique form in inguinal region |
walls of inguinal canal superficial inguinal ring external spermatic fascia in testes |
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describe the components of the inguinal canal |
external abdominal oblique aponeurosis from anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle pectineal ligament inferiorly superficial inguinal ring (Ext. Ab. Oblique and pubic bone) lateral crus/medial crus, intercrural fibers make ring |
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describe the deep inguinal ring |
point where 'flat' transversalis fascia becomes round internal spermatic fascia, makes a ring hard to identify/see can see the point where it is: internal oblique arches over spermatic cord |
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describe an indirect hernia |
portion of bowel follows testicular route out of body, through deep ring and canal into scrotal sac |
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describe a direct hernia |
through wall and canal but not through deep ring |
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describe the ilioinguinal nerve |
L1 branch, follows spermatic cord to anterior testes |
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define the rectus sheath |
aponeuroses of transversus, external and internal obliques contains rectus abdominus |