2Nd Class Fireman, High Pressure Boilers, Chapter 10, Notecards

An air heater that is divided into three zones: the gases of combustion zone, the sealing zone, and the air zone containing the air for combustion.

- Draft produced by the natural action resulting from temperature differences between air and gases of combustion.

- produced by a stack without any fans.

- controlled by dampers.

- the higher the stack the better this will be.

- A heat exchanger used to heat combustion air for the furnace, located in the breeching between the boiler and the chimney.

- normally mounted in the path of the gases of combustion as they exit the boiler.

- two basic types are: convection and regenerative.

- The flow of air or gases of combustion caused by a difference in pressure between two points.

- without this, complete combustion of fuels cannot be achieved.

- classified as either natural or mechanical.

- measured in inches of water column.

A furnace that operates at slightly above atmospheric pressure

- A monitoring system used for continuous measurement of emissions from gases of combustion or from industrial processes.

- contains all the equipment necessary to determine the gas and PM concentration or emission rate as required by regulations.

A facility that emits 10 or more tons per year of any single air toxic or 25 tons or more per year of any combination of air toxics

Fine ash particles emitted from a boiler that remain individually dispersed in the products of combustion

- Draft produced by power-driven fans.

- the two types are forced and induced.

Environmental standards for ambient pollutant emissions from new sources of emissions

Particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 microns

A plan that gives the states the responsibility for developing their own programs to reduce air pollution

- Mechanical draft produced by a fan supplying air to the furnace.

- the fan is located in the front of the boiler.

- a relatively high stack is normally used.

Small particles of noncombustible material found in the gases of combustion that are a product of the combustion of coal or other solid fuels

- Mechanical draft produced by a fan pulling air through the furnace.

- fan or blower is located in the breeching between the burner and stack.

- can replace tall stacks.

- pressure is kept slightly below atmospheric pressure.

Mechanical draft that combines forced and induced draft through the use of a forced draft fan and an induced draft fan

A facility that emits less than 10 tons per year of any single air toxic and less than 25 tons per year of any combination of air toxics

An air heater that uses convection to transfer heat from the gases of combustion to the combustion air

A chamber surrounding the burner assembly or coal stoker that allows the pressurized air from the forced draft fan to enter the burner

Particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 microns

An adjustable blade or set of blades used to control the flow of air

Technology that meets the environmental requirement for emissions from an existing source in a nonattainment area.

Technology that meets the environmental requirement for emissions from major new or modified sources in an attainment area.

- A law that was passed by Congress in 1963 to allow for monitoring and controlling environmental air emissions.

- it gives the EPA administrative enforcement capabilities and sets up a permitting program for air emissions.

Technology that meets a level of control the EPA uses to regulate HAP emissions based on the level of emissions control for the best-performing technology used in similar major sources.

A rate for emissions from a new source in nonattainment areas that meets the environmental requirement.

Health-based environmental standards for emissions from major new sources of emissions.

A device that removes finer PM from the gases of combustion using electric charge.

A type of heat transfer that occurs due to the circulation of a fluid or gas.

An emissions control method for boilers in which moderate amounts of flue gas are captured from the exhaust and recirculated back through the burner along with the secondary air.

A device that separates PM from the gases of combustion using centrifugal force to spin the PM out of the gas stream.

- A general term used to include all possible forms of molecules containing nitrogen and oxygen that result from combustion at high temperatures.

- any type of combustion contributes to this type of emissions.

Any material from a list of approximately 200 pollutants that has significant health effects when it is emitted into the air.

- An emissions control method for boilers in which ammonia gas is introduced over a catalyst located in a module that is installed in the boiler exhaust stack.

- can reduce NOx levels to below 4 ppm.

A device that separates PM from the gases of combustion using cloth bags, similar to vacuum cleaner bags.

Hairline cracks in the brickwork.

Focuses on six types of criteria pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter (PM).

- produced from incomplete combustion due to poor burner design, maintenance, or firing conditions.

- consists of elemental lead and lead oxide emissions.

- standard boiler fuels contain little to none of this.

- Produced from high temperature combustion.

- this in the upper atmosphere is beneficial. It prevents UV radiation from reaching Earth’s surface.

- this in the lower atmosphere is a pollutant.

- a key component of smog and has harmful effects on plants and animals.

- the combustion of fuels that contain sulfur results in this.

- consists of fine particles emitted from a boiler that become individually dispersed in the air.

- can be corrosive, toxic to plants and animals, and harmful to humans.

- PM2.5 can easily enter the body and cause the most harm.