353 Reading Quiz 1

The study of the occurrence, movement and physical properties of water on and below the earths surface, with the exception of oceanic water

1) atmospheric water

2) groundwater

3) soil water

4) surface water

The water that is contained in the air above the land surface. Typically water vapour but may also be liquid water as rain or solid water as snow (ice crystals). Studied in meteorology

Water at the surface, stored in ponds , lakes, streams or rivers

The water found in the saturated zone which is below the water table

At some depth below the surface, pores within the soil/ rocks are saturated with water. If we dig a large pit, the level to which the water fills up the hole is the water table

Water that is found below the land surface but above the water table. (Unsaturated zone)

1.4×10^18 m^3

2.5%. 69% is in polar ice, 30 is fresh groundwater and 1 is surface water, soil water and atmospheric water combined

About 50% of groundwater is brackish because much GW is in contact with sea water through underground water bearing layers

120 m lower than today

4° higher caused 6 m higher than today

Water=0.9 × ice

362×10^6 km^2

Weather averaged over a long period of time, usually 30 years

Greenhouse gases such as water vapour and carbon dioxide allow much of the sun's warming energy to pass through as Shortwave radiation but absorbs the longwave and infrared radiation emitted by the earths surface. This sets the air temp to it's current value, on average 15°C

Average amount of time for which a water molecule resides in a particular place or within a particular system

-18°C

Ten days and thousands of years respectively

The to global warming an increase in fresh meltwater inflow from arctic areas into the north Atlantic Ocean will impede the the flow of water into the north atlantic drift: this will effectively halt the transport of warm ocean water from the equator to higher latitudes

The geographical area that drains into a river or reservoir. Water flow is contained within the drainage basin boundaries and surface water flow moves through the drainage basin outlet

The loss of quantities of GW through underground water bearing layers, often unknown and may cause a problem when using the drainage basin as a unit

Throughfall: consists of raindrops that fall through spaces in the vegetation canopy and that drip from wet leaves and branches

Stemflow: the water that runs down the main stem of a tree

Infiltration: when on contact with the soil water trickles into pores or cracks on the soil etc

Percolation: when in the unsaturated zone water may move further down into the GW TABLE.

Storage: water stored on plant surfaces

Loss: when water evaporates off of interception surfaces

= water stored as surface water + water stored as soil water + water stored as GW

Signifies that water is taken into storage. The total amount of water stored in the ground is larger at the end of the selected time period than at the beginning. This causes wetter vegetation, a higher surface water level, wetter soil and/or elevated water table

Decrease of the total water storage in the area. This manifests as drier vegetation, lower surface water level a drier soil and/ or a lowered WT.