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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the structure of DNA called
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double helix
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what are the three parts of a nucleotide
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phospate groups
5 dexiribose sugers nitrogenious bases |
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which part of the nucleotide is coded for making proteins
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nitrogenious bases
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what is the function of DNA with in a cell
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genes carry info from one generation to the next
they put that info to work by determining the heritable characteristics of organisms genes need to be easly copied |
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where and when does DNA replication occur in the cell
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replication forks
before cell divison |
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what is the relationship between cell chromosomes and DNA
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chromosomes make up DNA and DNA is in the cell
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who are more closely related siblings or cousins
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siblings
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what is gene expression
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•conversion of the information encoded in a gene first into messenger RNA and then to a protein
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whaat is transcription and where does it occur
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RNA molecules are produced bu copying part of the nucleoptide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA
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what is mRNA
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carry copies of instuctions for assembling amino acids into proteins
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what is the code for an mRNA strand if the DNA strand is
ATC GCT ATT |
UAG CGA UAA
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what is translation and where does it occur
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decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
produces proteins |
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what is the funtion of tRNA
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transfers each amino acid to the ribosome as is specified
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if a tRNA strand is
GUA what is the RNA strand |
CAU
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what is a chromosomal mutation
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produce changes in the whole chromosme
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what is meosis
what cells does it produce |
process of reduction divison in which the number of chormosmes per cell is cut in half through the spearation of homologous chromosomes
sex cells |
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normal humans have __ chrmosomes
how many chromosmes are in sex cells |
48
23 |
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cell that contains olnly a single set of chromomes and therefore only a single set of genes
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haploid
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cell that conotains noth sets of homologous chromosomes
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diploid
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exchanging allells between homologous chromomsomes and produces new combinations of allesls
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crossing over
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genetic makeup of an organism
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geno type
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phycal characteristics of an organims
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phenotype
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this trait will always exhibit that form of the trait
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dominante
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this trait will only show if both are the same
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recessive
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set of photos of chromosmes grouped in order in pairs
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karyotype
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chart that shows the relationships within a family
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pedigree
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