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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Raja
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the governor of small independent states and territories that acted as military leaders, lawmakers, and judges.
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Epics
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long poems based on historical or religious themes.
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Caste System
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a complex form of social organization that begin to take shape after the Indo-Aryan migration.
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Varnas
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social classes appearing in Indian society.
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Monism
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the belief in the unity of God and Creation.
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Maya
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the illusion of the world created in the Hindu religion.
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Reincarnation
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the belief that souls will be reborn.
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Nirvana
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the perfect peace that souls who grow spiritually can reach.
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Polytheistic
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based on a belief in many gods.
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Polygyny
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the practice when men are allowed to have more than one wife in ancient India.
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Suttee
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a practice where widows committed suicide by throwing themselves on top of their husbands’ flaming funeral pyres.
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Inoculation
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the practice of infecting a person with a mild form of a disease so that he or she will not become ill with the more serious form.
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Indo-Aryans
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Nomadic tribes of people who began to cross the Hindu Kush Mountains into northwestern India. They came north of the Black and Caspian Sea.
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Vedas
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The Indo-Aryans’ great works of religious literature. These were written in epic form and were stories about mythical creatures.
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Sanskrit
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The Indo-Aryan language; scholars who learned how to write it and used it to record the Vedas.
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Brahmins
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The special priests who knew the proper forms and rules; these people wrote Sanskrit. They were part of the highest or second highest level of the caste system.
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Upanishands
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Where the teachings – Vedanta – are collected. They were made in the Vedic period and were created to explained the Vedas.
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Bhagavad Gita
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the sacred ‘song of God’ composed in about 200 BC and incorporated into the Mahabharata (a Sanskrit epic).
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Siddhartha Gautama
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He was Buddhism’s creator - the Buddha. Born in about 563 BC in north India; at 29 he learned of life's troubles. He searched for truth/meaning; he sat under a tree and felt the truth that forms life's basics.
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Chandragupta Maurya
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He was a powerful inventor; she established Mauryan Empire and built a palace at Pataliputra on Ganges River. He conquered all of N.W. India up to Hindu Kush.
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Asoka
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was a Gupta ruler; was Chandra Gupta’s grandson; he came into power in 270 BC. He fought bloody battles to increase the size of his kingdom. He spread Buddhism into China, Nepal, etc.
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Chandra Gupta II
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was a Gupta ruler from AD 374-415 (the golden age). He was the strongest ruler of Gupta; made a great progression in the arts.
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Panchatantra
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It was the “Five Books” that were fables from the Gupta period. The stories taught such traits as adaptability, shrewishness, and determination and influenced stories from other countries.
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Nalanda
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It was famous Buddhist University located in eastern Ganges Valley. It became the center of higher learning during the time of the Guptas; thousands of students attended for free.
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Arybhata
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It was a mathematician who was born in late AD 400s. He was one of the first people to use algebra and also learned how to solve quadratic equations.
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The Three Paths
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(1) Rarmamarga – the path of works and action
(2) Jnanamarga – the path of knowledge and philosophy (3) Bhaktimarga – the path of devotion to God. |
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The Four Stages of Life
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(1) Brahmacharga – school years, growing and learning
(2) Grhastha – marriage, family, and career (3) Vanaprastha – turn attention to spiritual things (4) Sangrasu – abandoning the world to seek spiritual things. |
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The Four Purposes of Life
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(1) Darma – fulfill moral, social and religious duties
(2) Artha – attain financial and worldly success (3) Kama – satisfy desires and drives in moderation (4) Moksha – attain freedom from reincarnation. |
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Vishnu
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A major God, the protector of the world and the restorer of moral order (dharma), also called “all-pervading.” [lady with conch]
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Shiva
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The “destroyer” and one of the chief deities. His name means “Auspicious One.” [lady doing the dance of life]
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Ganesha
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The man/elephant (elephant faced), clears away life’s obstacles. [elephant in a funny pose]
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Devi
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She was the mother goddess of vertility, had many arms, symbolized a mother. [lady with many arms in a pointy hat]
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The Swastika
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It is the symbol of good fortune and the Son of God Suria, is a right hand swastika.
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Pratik
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It is the image of symbol of god.
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Om
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It is the first sound ever to have been made on the earth, made by a conch shell, has a soothing way about it, is used for meditation.
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Bindi
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It is a red dot worn between the eyebrows marking the location of the third eye, the eye of inner vision or spiritual wisdom.
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