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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a region around the nucleous of an atom where electrons are most lickely to be found; only a certain no. of electrons can be found in each energy level of an atom
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Energy Level
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substance that contains only one kind of matter
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Element
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the average mass of all the known isotopesof an element
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Atomic Mass
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a letter, figure, of other, charecter of mark used to desgnate something
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Symbol
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the smallest particle of an element that can exist alone or combine with other elements
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Atom
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the smallest particle of a compound that retains the properties of the compound
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Molecule
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a measure of a materials tendency to shatter upon impact
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Brittleness
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measure of a solid's ability to stretch and then return to it's original size
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Elasticity
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measure of a solid's resistance to scratching
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Hardness
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solid's ability to be pounded into thin sheets
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Malleablility
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the process by which a substance in its gaseous state loses energy and enters it's liquid state
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Condensation
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the process by which a substance in its gaseous state gains energy and enters its gaseous state
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Evaporation
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the curved uper surface of a non-turbulent liquid in a vertical tube
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Meniscus
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measure of the inertia of an object
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Mass
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principle- force exerted on an object in a liquid is=to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
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Archemedes Principle
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measure of the upward force a fluid exerts on the object
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Bouyancy
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a substance that is capable of flowing and that changes it's shape at a steady rate when acted upon by a force tending to change it's shape
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Fluid
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a measure of a material's resistance to flow
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Viscosity
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an atom that has an electric charge
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Ions
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the attraction in an atom has for the shared pair of electrons in a chemical bond
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Electronegativity
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a type of chemical bond that is formed when 2 atoms share electrons
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Covalent Bond
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a type of chemical bond between atoms that gain or lose electrons; a bond between ions
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Ionic Bond
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a bond between metalic atoms
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Metal Bond
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a covalent compound that consits of only 2 types of elements
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Binary Compounds
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the formula of a compound written in lowest terms
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Empirical Fromula
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a large molecule that is composed of repeating smaller molecules called subunits or monomers
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Polymers
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a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element in a comound
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Single Displacement
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a reaction in which ions from 2 compunds in a solution exchange places to produce 2 new comounds
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Double Displacement
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a chemical reaction in which a single compound is broken down to produce 2 or more similar coompunds
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Decomposition Reaction
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a chemical reaction in which 2 or more substances combine to form a new compund
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Addition Reaction/ Synthisis
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a reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen releasing large amounts of energy in the form of heat and light
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Combustion Reaction
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the total mass of products of a reaction is = to the total nass of reactants
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Law of Conservatin of Mass
(states that...) |
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a reactant that is used up first in the chemical reaction
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Limiting Reactant
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the no. of atoms in the atomic mass of an element or the no. of molecules in the formula mass of a compound when these masses are expressed
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Avogadro's Number
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one set of 6.02*10-23(power)atoms or molecules
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mole
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a way of visually distinguishing coloids from true solutions
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Tyndall Effect
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a type of mixture in which the particles(atoms or molecules) are betweee 1.0and 1000nanometers in diameter
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Colloid
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a unit of measurment that is = to 1 billinth of a meter
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Nanometer
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solutions of 2 or more metals
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Alloy
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In physics- occurs when the forces on an object are balanced; in chemistry- the state in which the solute in a solution is dissolving and coming out of sloution at the same weight
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Equlibrium
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a type of mixture in which the particles (atoms or molecules) are larger than 1000nanometers in diameter
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Suspension
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a compound you can't pass an electric current through after dissolving
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Non-Electrolyte
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contributes ZHydrogen ions to a solution
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Acid
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contributes OH-(hydroxyle) ions to a solution
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Base
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rain, snow, or fog that has a pH lower than 5.6
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Acid Precipitation
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exact concentration of H+ ions and OH- ions in a solution
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pH
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chemicals that form ions and conduct current when dissolved in water
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Electrolytes
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emmitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay, also called a Helium nucleus
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Alpha Particle
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the length of time it takes for 1/2's; an amount of radioactive substance to undergo radioactive decay
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Half- Life
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an electron emmited from the muscles of the atom during radioactive decay
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Beta Particles
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splitting of the nucleus of the atom
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Fission
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2 nuclei from 2 atoms combine to make a different atom
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Fusion
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