Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Hernia |
Protrusion of a visceral organ or part of visceral organ through abdominal opening |
|
|
Sac |
Diverticulum of the peritoneum |
|
|
Covering |
Derived from the layers of the abdominal wall thru which the sac passes |
|
|
Omentum, intestine and peritoneal fluid |
Contents of hernia |
|
|
Reducible |
Contents can be returned to abdomen |
|
|
Irreducible |
Contents cannot be returned but mo other complication noted |
|
|
Obstructed |
Bowel in the hernia has good blood supply but contents are prevented from aboral flow |
|
|
Strangulated |
Blood supply of bowel is compromised |
|
|
Indirect inguinal hernia |
Most common for both sexes |
|
|
Inguinal hernia |
5x more common than femoral hernia |
|
|
Femoral hernia |
More commonly diagnosed in women |
|
|
Femoral hernia |
More likely to present with strangulation early than inguinal hernia |
|
|
Males |
90% of inguinal hernia repair performed in |
|
|
Indirect Inguinal hernia |
Passes through the deep inguinal ring |
|
|
Bulbonocele |
Limited to the inguinal canal |
|
|
Funicular |
Just above the epididymis |
|
|
Direct Inguinal hernia |
Bulging at the posterior wall of inguinal canal |
|
|
Pantaloon |
Combined direct and indirect |
|
|
Femoral |
Passes through the femoral ring |
|
|
Omentum or other visceral |
No sound no auscultation, dought with no peristaltic movement and negative transillumination |
|
|
Intestines |
May hear bowel sounds on auscultation, may feel peristaltic movement, negative transillumination |
|
|
Peritoneal fluid |
No sounds auscultation, soft, rubbery, positive transillumination |
|
|
Type I |
Indirect hernia; internal abdominal ring normal |
|
|
Type II |
Indirect hernia; internal ring enlargednwithout impingement of the floor of the inguinal canal, does not extend to the scrotum |
|
|
Type IIIA |
Direct hernia |
|
|
Type IIIB |
Indirect hernia that has enlarged enough to encroach upon the posterior inguinal wall |
|
|
Type IIIB |
Sliding and scrotal hernias |
|
|
Type IIIB |
Pantaloon's hernia |
|
|
Type IIIC |
Femoral hernia |
|
|
Type IV |
Recurrent Hernia |
|
|
Excision of hernial sac only |
Open repair Type I |
|
|
Excision of hernial sac and tightening of deep inguinal ring |
Open repair Type II |
|
|
Excision of hernial sac and reinforcement of the posterior inguinal wall |
Open repair Type III A |
|
|
Excision of hernial sac, repair of stretched deep inguinal ring and reinforcement of the posterior inguinal wall |
Open repair Type III B |
|
|
Excision of hernial sac, tightening of femoral ring, reinforcement of the posterior inguinal wall |
Open repair Type III C |
|
|
Excision of hernial sac, tightening of the defect, reinforcement of the posterior inguinal wall |
Open repair Type IV |
|
|
Umbilical Hernia |
Produce due to weak umbilicus |
|
|
Umbilical Hernia |
Usually symptomless and becomes prominent when intraabdominal pressure increases |
|
|
Paraumbilical Hernia |
Protrusion through the linea alba just above or below the umbilicus |
|
|
Paraumbilical Hernia |
Becomes round or oval in shape angld has a tendency to sag downwards |
|
|
Paraumbilical Hernia |
More common seen in women and may cause intestinal obstruction, intertrigo and ulcers |
|
|
Epigastric Hernia |
Occurs through the linea alba usually midway between xiphoid and umbilicus |
|
|
Epigastric Hernia |
Seen in manual laborers between 30-45 y/o |
|
|
Epigastric Hernia |
More than 1 defect and may be a direct result of tearing of fibers of linea alba |
|
|
Interparietal Hernia |
Sac passes between the layers of the anterior abdominal wall |
|
|
Spigelian Hernia |
Interparietal hernia at the level of arcuate line |
|
|
Spigelian Hernia |
>50 y/o soft reducible mass palpable lateral to rectus musclebl and below umbilicus |
|
|
Lumbar hernia |
Occurs secondary to renal operations |
|
|
Petit's Hernia |
Inferior lumbar hernia |
|
|
Incisional Hernia |
Occur as a symptomless partial disription of the deeper of an abdominal incision |
|
|
Incisional Hernia |
May see normal peristalsis if skin is thin and atrophic |
|
|
Diastasis Recti |
Separation of rectus muscles |
|
|
Diastasis Recti |
No treatment is required as rectus abdominis grows, it gradually disappears |
|
|
Omphalocele |
Umbilical defect |
|
|
Omphalocele |
Failure of all or parts of the midgut to return to coelomic cavity during fetal life |
|
|
Gastroschisis |
Separation in abdominal wall |
|
|
Gastroschisis |
Intestines not covered by peritoneum |
|
|
Gastroschisis |
Opening at the right side of umbilicus with bridge skin separating defect |
