Abo

Focusing of the eye on a near object through relaxation of the ciliary body and thickening of the lens

The loss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye

A refractive error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does not focus the image of an object upon the retina

A condition in which the refractive error of one eye significantly differs but both have the same sign

Breadth, width, or magnitude

The refractive condition causing the signs in each eye to differ

The top or highest part, usually forms a point

An absence of the crystalline lens, or an unstable lens

The clear watery fluid that is constantly produced by the ciliary body and fills the chambers within the front part of the lens. It maintains pressure and provides nutrients to the lens and cornea.

The act or process of absorbing

The act or process of absorbing

A refractive error that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina because of different degrees of refraction in various meridians

The lowest part or edge of something, usually the part on which it rests or is supported by

A condition in which the crystalline lens, it’s capsule, or both become opaque with loss of visual acuity

The vascular intermediate coat that furnishes nourishment to other parts of the eyeball

The vascular intermediate coat that furnishes nourishment to other parts of the eyeball

The portion of the vascular coat between the iris and choroid consisting of ciliary processes and the ciliary muscle. Constantly produces Aqueous Humor.

The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling behind the retina

The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling in front of the retina

Cells that form a layer of the retina and act as light receiving media, that are concerned with visual acuity and color perception

*There are approximately 6 million near the center of the macula, most in the fovea

A coming together from different directions to eventually meet

The clear transparent portion of the outer coat of the eyeball that forms the cover of the aqueous chamber

Describes light as being minute particles (photons) which originate from the light’s surface.

The highest point of the wave

A transparent colorless body suspended in the front part of the eyeball, between the aqueous and the vitreous, and brings rays of light to focus on the retina.

Depart from the established course

The process by which a beam of light or other system of waves is spread out as a result of passing through a narrow opening or across an edge. Typically accompanied by interference between the waves produced.

The spreading of something more widely.

The seeing of one object as two i.e. Double Vision

The moving of something from its place or position

The refractive state of a normal eye when the eye is at rest

A small depression in the retina at the back of the eye; the part of the macula adapted for most acute vision

The number of times the crest or trough of a wave passes a point in space in a given unit of time

The power of coordination by which the images received by the two eyes become a single image

An ocular disease having its primary characteristic a sustained increase in IOP (intraocular pressure) that the eye can not withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function

The refractive condition in which the point of focus falls behind the retina because the refractive power of the lens is weak; accommodation to increase the refractive power is necessary for distance and near vision

The colored circular membrane suspended behind the cornea and in front of the lens, which regulates the amount of light entering by changing the size of the pupil

A refractive error caused by the cornea being damaged or irregular so that rays of light come to many focal points on the retina; cannot be corrected by cylinders

Lenses specially designed to change image size when dissimilar sizes make it difficult or impossible for fusion i.e. aniseikonia

The small area of the retina that surrounds the fovea and together comprises the area of the retina that gives distinct vision

The refractive error in which light comes to two points of focus, with one point in front of the retina and the other behind it

For a patient with no prescribed prism it is known as the optical center

A refractive error in which the eyeball is too long in relation to its focusing power, thus the point of focus for rays of light from distant objects is in front of the retina

One billionth of a meter

Latin term for “right eye”

Latin term for “left eye”

Latin term for “each eye”

The special nerve of the sense of sight that carries impulses from the retina to the brain

A root word denoting a latent deviation in which the eyes have a tendency to turn from their normal position

A gradual lessening of accommodation due to a physiological change that becomes notable at about 40 years old

An eye which has an intraocular lens implant

A small spring wire attached nasally to a frame to lift a drooping lid

The central opening of the iris through which light enters the eye

A refractive condition in which rays of light come to two focal points and is correctable by cylinders

Innermost coat of the eye, formed of sensitive nerve elements and connects with the optic nerve

Cells that form a layer of the retina and act as light-receiving media, they are employed for motion and vision at low degrees of illumination (Night Vision)

*There are ~ 120 million rods spread toward the outside of the retina

The white part of the eye. A tough covering that with the cornea forms the external protective coat

A blind area of reduced vision in the visual field

A refractive condition where one point of focus falls on the retina and the other falls behind it

The refractive condition in which one point of focus falls on the retina and the other in front of it

The refractive condition in which one point of focus falls on the retina and the other in front of it

Fine tissue strands that stretch from the ciliary processes to the lens equator and that support the lens in place

The refractive condition in which one point of focus falls on the retina and the other in front of it

Fine tissue strands that stretch from the ciliary processes to the lens equator and that support the lens in place

Failure of both eyes to direct their gaze at the same object at the same time due to a muscle imbalance i.e. crossed eyes

Root word denoting an obvious deviation from the normal axis of the eye

The transparent colorless mass of soft gelatinous material behind the lens

Fibrous Tunic, Vascular Tunic, Nervous Tunic

Sclera and Cornea

Iris, Choroid, Ciliary Body (responsible for nourishment)

Iris, Choroid, Ciliary Body (responsible for nourishment)

Inner layer of photoreceptors (rods and cones) and neurons which make up the retina

The point where the optic nerve enters the eye, sometimes called the “blind spot” because it contains no receptor cells

Fluid filled chamber between the Cornea and Iris

Fluid filled chamber between the Iris and the lens

Fluid filled chamber between the retina and the lens and maintains the shape of the eye

Drains the aqueous humor from the eye

Epithelium, Bowman’s Membrane, Stroma, Descemet’s Membrane, and Endothelium

Another term for the eyelid

Corner of the eye

Temporal corner of the eye where the eyelids meet

Muscle that rotates the eye laterally or out towards the ear. Attaches to the side of the eye and runs straight back.

Eye looks up, attaches directly to the top of the eye and runs straight back.

Rotates eye medially or in towards the nose. Attaches directly to the side of the eye and runs straight back.

Eye looks down, attaches directly to the bottom of the eye and runs straight back.

A numerical description of how prone a lens is to breaking light down to its component colors.

* a good value is high 40s - low 50s, a bad value is in the 30s

Method of correcting vertical imbalance for patients with Anisometropia.

*Ground base up in the most minus or least plus in the 90° meridian

The distance from the back of the lens to the front of the cornea

When lenses are parallel but one lens is farther forward than the other.

Refers to lenses being twisted about the bridge, occurring at the point where the eye wires attach

When a lens is rotated inward or outward around the bridge