Adolescent Midterm

Those who understand the field of adolescence and how info is gathered allows them to judge strength and weakness of new findings

Active learning -rephrase

Deep processing -making connections

Normative -changes that happen roughly same time -school and puberty

Idiosyncratic- unpredictable like illness or divorce

11-14

15-18

19-22

Leave families at early age to spend adolescents in a different household

To strengthen personal and political ties

Belief that adolescence is very tumultuous period

Defining groups based on age and treated differently

Wanting all the current popular things

Grouped with ages in schools

Began being seen a separate encouraged youth culture

Darwin

Genetic characteristics make survival offspring more likely

Brofenbrenner- Interacting between adolescent and his surroundings like family and peers and community

Taking knowledge from research and applying

Skills that society expects people to squire at a particular point in life

Adolescence promoted in early 20th century

Same age or development level

Trend for young people to to leave country for the city

Freud

Erickson - development and interaction with environment

Piaget different ways of building an understanding of the world

Formal operations -logic and abstract thought

Ability to be aware of one’s own thinking processes and develop more effective ways of using them

Ability to be aware of one’s own thinking processes and develop more effective ways of using them

Skinner

Learning behaviour by consequences

Bandura

Seeing what others do and what happens to them

Bronfenbrenner

Social setting influence development.

100%

By age 10 it is 95%

Neurons lose half their synapses during adolescence

Glands that produce hormones and parts of the Brian and nervous system that regulates hormone production.

Chemical substances that circulate through the bloodstream and regulate functions

Chemical substances that circulate through the bloodstream and regulate functions

Part of the Brian that monitors and regulates body functions like hormones for growth and puberty

A endocrine glad that is considered the master gland as it controls the functions of other glands

A endocrine glad that is considered the master gland as it controls the functions of other glands

Female sex hormone secreted by ovaries

Male sex hormones

Feedback loop that regulates the hormones involved in puberty and growth

Early puberty when adrenal glands begin to produce a hormone called DHEA

A substance produced in the liver that maybe linked to onset of puberty

A substance produced in the liver that maybe linked to onset of puberty

10-16 for girls

12-18 for boys

A substance produced in the liver that maybe linked to onset of puberty

10-16 for girls

12-18 for boys

Fastest change in height

12 girls

14 boys

A substance produced in the liver that maybe linked to onset of puberty

10-16 for girls

12-18 for boys

Fastest change in height

12 girls

14 boys

Airborne chemicals thought to signal emotional states to others

A substance produced in the liver that maybe linked to onset of puberty

10-16 for girls

12-18 for boys

Fastest change in height

12 girls

14 boys

Airborne chemicals thought to signal emotional states to others

Change over a long period. Kids are hitting puberty earlier now. Environmental factors can have factor in that

Boys first ejaculation

Boys first ejaculation

Those who enter puberty at a noticeably different time from peers will be neg influenced

Idea that girls who enter puberty early suffer because they did not have time to accomplish normal childhood tasks

Young adolescence who look older will be treated more like an amulet for better or worse

As children become more sexually mature they have less contact with parents

Everyone goes through the same stages and in the same order. Children’s thinking is not just how much they know but how they think about what they know.

The way someone tries to understand a new experience by making it fit with existing knowledge or understanding

Changing your cognitive structures in response to new information or experiences

Changing your cognitive structures in response to new information or experiences

Sensorimotor 0-2 experience based on perception

Preoperational 2-7 ability to represent objects and events symbolically

Concrete 7-11 able to think about more than one aspect of a problem

Formal 11+ abstract system of logic to understand the world

How people don’t constantly do as well at some tasks that they are capable of doing

How people don’t constantly do as well at some tasks that they are capable of doing

When a person makes a logical prediction based on suspicion

The process of drawing a general conclusion from particular facts

The ability to do more than one thing at once. Improves with age

We store info in memory in bits and pieces relevant. Starts in adolescence

Ability to reason quickly and effectively about problems

The ability to draw on accumulated knowledge and judgement

Sternberg- different intelligences represent different independent abilities

Practical creative and analytical

Gardner - intelligence is separate by particular domain

Averaging IQ scores

Control over steps that lead to developing skills and improve learning

The different ways adolescence think about what knowledge is and what it’s based on

Connecting new info with existing understanding, analyzing, making decision

The process of drawing a general conclusion from particular facts

For Piaget- Assuming that others views are the same as your own

Aspect of egocentrism that involves believing that you are the focus of others attention

Elkind- Believing that one’s experiences are unique and that you are exempt from the usual consequences of your actions

The role of others such as older peers and adults important in promoting cognitive development

Vig- tasks that kids can’t do on their own can be accomplished with the help from someone skilled

Adapting one’s guidance and support to the current level of knowledge and understanding of the learner

Mental representation of goals and strategies that make it possible to approach problems more effectively

Concentrating on one task while blocking out others

Male and female characteristics

Difference based on chromosomes

Based on cultural or social factors

The way someone should act cultural expectations

Children take on gender roles expected in society

Process which children squire beliefs and skills thats considered appropriate

That a boy who dresses up like a girl still grows up to be a boy

How a person relates to masculinity or femininity

How we organize information about gender and use it to guide attitudes and actions

Adolescence pressured to confirm more closely to expected gender role

Anatomy of one sex but identifies as the other

When someone thinks failure was uncontrolled so why bother trying

Girls bad a math, creates anxiety that they will actually do bad and prove the stereotype

Girls more often rehash problems, over talk it out

Negative feelings against same sex attraction

Having both typical male and female psychological (emotional) characteristics

What society does to shape us

Bandura monkey see monkey do. Social influences on how we act

Our own belief in what we are capable of achieving

Assimilation to a different culture, typically a dominate one

Assimilation to a different culture, typically a dominate one

How you think about yourself

How you could be with different circumstance

Cooley

We find out about ourselves from watching the way other respond to us

Meads

Internal summary of how others have responded to them

Positive or negative feelings about oneself

Your constant/stable self esteem

Changes in self esteem due to incidents

The psychological structure that gives people a sense of personal community across situations

Erickson

Response to tensions between the need to find oneself and validation From others

Freedom to explore without fear of consequences

Ekrison

Commit to assigned identities by parents

Reluctance to consider identity issues. Failure to construct any identity of self

F

Acting out to guarantee disapproval and attention

Marcia

Examining alternatives

Marcia

Examining alternatives

Marcia

The presence or absence of efforts and commitment

Marcia

Examining alternatives

Marcia

The presence or absence of efforts and commitment

Way people deal with info that relates to questions of identity

Cultural background and customs

Understanding one self in terms of one’s culture

Understanding one self in terms of one’s culture

Cognitive and linguistic changes that take place when someone who is bilingual switches language

Attitude and ways of thinking when you speak a different language

Piaget

Early Moral development. Kids learn adults can change rules

Belief that wrongdoing is always punished. Kids

Piaget

Later phase moral development rules are changeable actions more weight than outcome

Kolberg

Level of judgement which right and wrong defined in terms of external punishment and rewards - right reward, wrong punish. One point of view

Level of judgement of right and wrong equal to society

Write or wrong based on own morals

Approaching moral questions with goal of finding fair resolution

Gillian

Gilligan

Approaching moral questions with the goal of maintaining positive relationship

Freud

Guilt drives structure of personality and morals

The capacity to feel what others are feeling

Disciplinary approach where parents explain effects of an action on others

Disciplinary approach parents threaten with loss of affection

Acting moral is essential to sense of self

A person who others regard as outstanding morals