Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
All aerial apparatus should meet the design requirements of NFPA______? |
1901 |
|
|
What is an aerial apparatus? |
A firefighting vehicle equipped with a hydraulically operated ladder, elevating platform,or other similar device for the purpose of placing personnel and/or water streams in elevated positions. |
|
|
NFPA 1901 defines an aerial device into what three basic categories? |
Aerial ladders Elevating platforms Water towers |
|
|
IFSTA further breaks down NFPA 1901 classification for aerial fire devices into what 3 categories and five types? |
Aerial ladder apparatus -aerial ladders Elevating platform apparatus -telescoping aerial platforms -articulating aerial platforms -aerial ladder platforms Water towers |
|
|
Define aerial device |
General term to describe the hydraulic aerial ladder, elevating platform, or telescoping or articulating booms attached to an automotive fire apparatus that has the means to reach at least 65ft above grade. |
|
|
Define aerial ladder |
A power operated ladder that allows firefighters to easily climb and descend between the tip of the ladder and the turntable for either firefighting or rescue operations. |
|
|
The primary function of the turntable is to: |
Provide continuous rotation of the aerial device on a horizontal plane. |
|
|
What is the range (height in ft) of North American-made aerial ladders? |
50-135 ft |
|
|
The working height for aerial ladder apparatus is measured from: |
The ground to the highest rung at maximum elevation and extension. |
|
|
What are the main uses of aerial ladders? |
Rescue, ventilation, elevated master stream application and gaining access to the upper levels of an emergency scene. |
|
|
What does a platform leveling system do for an aerial device? |
It's required so that the platforms position is horizontal to the ground at all times. |
|
|
What is the minimum required floor area of a platform? |
14 square ft. |
|
|
Each platform must have a rail completely enclosing the floor area with no opening under the railing greater than how many inches? |
24 inches |
|
|
A kickplate is required at floor level of the platform and should be how many inches high? |
4 inches |
|
|
What is the purpose of the kickplate on the platform? |
It prevents the firefighters feet from sliding off the platform in case of a slip or fall. |
|
|
All elevating platforms are required to have how many control stations and where they located? |
To control stations. One at street level and one in the platform. |
|
|
Heat reflective shields on the platform that have been damaged in anyway will not provide adequate protection for personnel in the platform must be replaced. What are some signs of damaged Shields? |
Age, dirt, and other damage. |
|
|
As required by NFPA 1901, A protective water fog curtain nozzle is also necessary on the platform, where is it located? |
Under the aerial platform |
|
|
NFPA 1901 requires the water fog curtain nozzle to flow at least how many gallons per minute? |
At least 75 GPM's |
|
|
All elevating platforms must have a minimum load capacity of how many pounds when the aerial device is fully extended? |
750 pounds |
|
|
What does the load capacity of elevating platforms drop to when the water delivery system is charged? |
500 lbs |
|
|
The water delivery system on elevating platforms must be capable of discharging at least how many gallons per minute when the aerial device is in any position? |
At least 1000 GPM's |
|
|
Elevating platforms that are 110 feet or shorter should be able to be raised from the bedded position to the maximum elevation and extension and be rotated 90° in how many seconds or less? |
150 seconds or less |
|
|
How is the working height of an aerial ladder platform apparatus measured? |
With the aerial device at Maxim extension and elevation, from the ground to the top surface of the highest platform handrail. |
|
|
What is the common range in size of aerial ladder platform apparatus (height in ft) |
85 to 110 feet |
|
|
What is the most common area letter platform apparatus in service today? |
The straight chassis, three-axle vehicle with a rear-mounted aerial device. |
|
|
What is the primary difference between aerial ladder platforms and telescoping aerial platforms? |
Ariel P platforms are designed with a large ladder that allows firefighters and victims to climb either direction on the latter. |
|
|
The latter on telescoping aerial platforms is intended to be used primarily as what? |
As an emergency escape ladder for firefighters working in the platform. |
|
|
What is the common range (height in ft) of telescoping aerial platforms in use in North America? |
75 to 100 feet |
|
|
What two types of construction are used to make telescoping aerial platform devices that have two or more sections? |
Box-beam construction or tubular truss-beam construction. |
|
|
What is box beam construction? |
It consists of four sides of steel or aluminum welded together to form a box shape with a hollow center. |
|
|
With box beam construction where are hydraulic lines, air lines, electrical cords, and waterways located? |
Either encased within the center or on the outside of the box beam. |
|
|
How does tubular truss-beam construction differ from box-beam construction? |
Tubular steel is welded to form a box shape using cantilever or triangular truss design. |
|
|
What is the primary difference between articulating aerial platforms and telescoping aerial platform? |
Instead of telescoping into each other, the boom sections are connected by a hinge, and they fold and unfold like an elbow |
|
|
What is the range (height in ft) for articulating aerial platforms? |
55 to 85 feet |
|
|
How tall do combination aerial devices with an aerial ladder and articulating platform on the end of the last why section range (height in ft)? |
90 to 174 feet |
|
|
What is a water tower apparatus? |
It is a telescoping or articulating aerial device whose primary function is to deploy elevated master streams. |
|
|
The movement of the water tower and control of the fire stream are controlled by who and from where? |
The driver/operator from the ground level at the rear of the apparatus or on the midship pump panel. |
|
|
Water towers are designed so that their fire streams may be deployed and a range of elevations starting from a few degrees below horizontal to nearly how many degrees from the ground |
90° |
|
|
Common sizes for water tower devices range from (height in ft)? |
50 to 130 feet |
|
|
Water towers are capable of maximum water flows ranging from ______ to _______ GPM's? |
1000 to 5000 |
|
|
In order for a telescoping Watertower to be truly considered an aerial ladder the ladder affixed to the water tower must meet the same requirements as those listed in what NFPA? |
1901 for the aerial ladder |
|
|
What is the term Quint derived from? |
Quintuple fire apparatus, meaning, an apparatus that has five major features or functions |
|
|
What NFPA establishes features that an apparatus must have in order to qualify as a quint? |
1901 |
|
|
What is the criteria from NFPA 1901 for qualification as a quint apparatus? |
-size of the fire pump. -size of the water tank. -amount of supply and attack hose. -array and length of ground ladders. -pre-piped waterway on the aerial apparatus. |
|
|
What is the length of the aerial device on a pumper sized quint? |
50 to 75 feet |
|
|
As the driver/operator, what is the first priority when arriving on the scene of an emergency in an aerial apparatus |
First priority is to always position the apparatus with aerial device in mind. |
|
|
What considerations must each fire agency take in order to decide which type of apparatus most suits it's needs? |
Geography, water supply, types of occupancy and construction, and many other factors. |
|
|
The supporting beams of the aerial letter of what type of construction? |
Truss construction |
|
|
What is the base section of an aerial apparatus? |
The bottom section of the aerial ladder |
|
|
What are the flights sections of an aerial ladder?what are the base rails of an area letter? |
The second and subsequent sections that extend beyond the base section |
|
|
What are the base rails of an aerial ladder? |
The lower cords of the aerial ladder to which the rungs, trusses, and other portions of the letter are attached. Also called beams |
|
|
What are the rails of an aerial ladder? |
The top chords to which the opposite ends of the trussing are attached. Also called the handrails |
|
|
What are the rungs of an aerial ladder? |
The portions that are attached between the two base rails and used as steps for personnel on the aerial ladder. |
|
|
What NFPA establishes the number of sections and minimum reach required of an aerial apparatus? |
1901 |
|
|
What are the two most common materials for construction of aerial ladders? |
Heat treated aluminum alloy and steel. |
|
|
In the early days of aerial apparatus, aerial devices and stabilizers were operated manually by any one of several designs including what? |
Spring-operated and gear-driven. |
|
|
How are all new aerial devices and virtually all stabilizers activated today? |
Hydraulically |
|
|
What is the purpose of the hydraulic system on an aerial apparatus? |
To provide power for operating the various hydraulic components needed to stabilize the apparatus and operate the aerial device. |
|
|
What are the three main components of a hydraulic system on an aerial apparatus? |
Hydraulic fluid, hydraulic pump, and a hydraulic reservoir. |
|
|
Hydraulic fluid is the medium by which the system transmits what? |
Force |
|
|
Force is created on the fluid by what? |
Hydraulic pump |
|
|
In a hydraulic system on an aerial apparatus, Hydraulic fluid may be under pressure of how many PSI? |
3500 psi |
|
|
In a hydraulic system on an aerial apparatus what is the purpose of the hydraulic reservoir? |
It's supplies the hydraulic fluid that is moved in and out of the system through the pump. |
|
|
Hydraulic system hose must be rated to withstand pressures at least _______ times greater than normal operating pressure. |
4 |
|
|
What are the valves used for in a hydraulic system on an aerial apparatus? |
They start, stop, regulate, and direct the flow of fluid to control pressure in the system by allowing the pressure to be built up or released. |
|
|
How can valves in the hydraulic system be controlled? |
Manually, electrically, hydraulically, mechanically, or by combination of these methods. |
|
|
What kind of those prevent fluid from flowing backward through a component and act as a safety feature in the event that a leak develops in the system? |
Check valves |
|
|
What kind of valves limit pressure built up in the hydraulic system, thus preventing damage due to overpressurization? |
Relief valves |
|
|
What kind of valves in a hydraulic system prevent unintentional or undesirable motion of the device from its a stab list position? |
Counterbalance valves |
|
|
What is the selector valve in a hydraulic system and why is it one of the more important valves? |
The selector valve a.k.a. the transfer or diverter valve is a three-way that with that directs fluid to either the stabilizer control valves or the aerial device control valves. |
|
|
What valves supply hydraulic fluid to the actuators? |
Actuator valves, monitor valves, stack valves, and proportional directional control valves. |
|
|
Define a valve |
Mechanical device with a passageway that controls the flow of a liquid or gas |
|
|
Define a check valve |
Automatic valve that permits liquid flow in only one direction |
|
|
Define relief valve |
A pressure control device designed to eliminate hazardous conditions resulting from excessive pressures by allowing this pressure to bypass to the intake side of the pump |
|
|
Define counterbalance valve |
That was designed to prevent unintentional or undesirable motion of an aerial device from position |
|
|
Define actuator valve |
A valve that controls the flow of hydraulic oil from an aerial apparatus hydraulic system to the hydraulic cylinders |
|
|
Define monitor valve |
A multi directional valve used to control the flow of hydraulic oil through a hydraulic system |
|
|
Define stack valvedefine double acting cylinder define double acting cylinder |
Type of multi directional valve used in an aerial device hydraulic system |
|
|
Define double-acting cylinder |
A hydraulic cylinder capable of transmitting power in either direction, or hydraulic cylinder capable of transmitting force in only two directions. |
|
|
What type of hydraulic cylinders are used for elevation and telescoping control of the aerial device and for operating the stabilizers? |
Double-acting cylinders |
|
|
NFPA 1901 requires all manufactures of aerial devices to provide an auxiliary hydraulic pump for use in case?what is the auxiliary hydraulic pump connected to encase the vehicles main engine goes down? |
Failure of the main hydraulic pump |
|
|
What is the auxiliary hydraulic pump connected to in case the main vehicle engine goes down? |
It's connected directly into the vehicles battery |
|
|
Auxiliary hydraulic pumps are neither designed nor intended to be used for long periods of operation. They are subject to overheating if there operated for longer periods of time. What kind of intervals should they be operated? |
They should be operated only for intervals of about one minute with an equal amount of rest between operations. |
|
|
What is a trunnion? |
A part of a hydraulic cylinder, the pivoting end of the piston rod that is connected to the anchor ear by the heel pain |
|
|
What is the range of normal hydraulic pressure and then aerial device hoisting cylinder? |
850 to 3000 PSI |
|
|
What are many new hoisting cylinders equipped with that lock and hold oil in the cylinder in the event of a leak or a blowout? |
A safety valve |
|
|
What is an extension cylinder on an aerial device? |
It is a cylinder fitted on the base section and used to extend the first fly section of the device. |
|
|
The extension and retraction cables are usually corrosion resistant aircraft quality cables made with what? |
A very high-strength steel, called plow steel, and they are resistant to abrasion. |
|
|
What do the slide and rollers do for the aerial device? |
They facilitate the movements and allow various sections of the aerial device to extend and retract without causing excessive wear on the parts that come in contact with each other during operation. |
|
|
What is the primary function of the turntable? |
It's to provide continuous rotation on a horizontal plane |
|
|
The operators control pedestal usually stands about how tall? |
3 1/2 feet |
|
|
Most control pedestals use three separate levers, what do these levers control? |
Extension, rotation, and elevation |
|
|
Other controls and instruments that maybe located on the control pedestal include what? |
Engine speed switch, light switch, hydraulic oil pressure gauge, hydraulic oil temperature gauge, extension indicators, stop and lock controls, rung alignment indicator, inclinometer, engine starter switch, communications equipment, elevated master stream controls, hydraulic lock valve, switch for the emergency operation pump. |
|
|
What are the two common types of pre-piped waterway systems? |
Bed ladder systems and telescoping waterway systems. |
|
|
What is the oldest type of pre-piped aerial ladder waterway and what is the diameter of the pipe? |
The bed ladder pipe, which is a non-telescoping section and is usually three or 3 1/2 inches in diameter, attached to the underside of the bed section of the aerial ladder. |
|
|
What are the five common water delivery systems on an aerial device? |
Bed ladder system, telescoping waterway system, detachable ladder pipe system, elevating platform waterway system, and water tower system. |
|
|
What is the minimum internal diameter of a telescoping waterway system? |
4 inches |
|
|
Most telescoping waterway systems are capable of flowing water up to how many GPM's? |
1000 GPM's |
|
|
What is a detachable letter pipe system and how many GPM's can it flow? |
It is a pipe that is generally stored on the apparatus in a convenient location and attached to the ladder only when needed. It is limited to flows of less than 750 GPM's. |
|
|
Why do most ladders with detachable ladder pipe appliances restrict the sideways movement of the nozzle to about 15° either side of center? |
Because the backward thrust of solid and fog master streams may cause an excessive side twist to an extended aerial ladder if the stream is projected toward either side of the ladder. |
|
|
What is the preferred angle of the ladder to flow water from an aerial device? |
Between 70 and 80° |
|
|
On a water tower system where is the control panel located that controls both the motion of the water tower and the nozzle? |
Either on the rear step of the apparatus or on the pump panel. |
|
|
What NFPA is the "standard on breathing air quality for emergency services respiratory protection?" |
NFPA 1989 |
|
|
Some aerial systems that have breathing air systems, also have moisture filters that require specified air pressures that are not to be exceeded. If this occurs, damage to what may cause a loss of desired pressure? |
Moisture seal |
|
|
What does the inverter on an aerial apparatus do? |
The inverter is a step up transformer that converts the vehicles 12 or 24 V DC current into 110 or 220 V AC current. |
|
|
What is an advantage of having an inverter on an aerial apparatus? |
Advantages of inverters are efficiency and low or nonexistent noise during operation. |
|
|
What is a disadvantage of an inverter on an aerial apparatus? |
Disadvantages include small capabilities and limited mobility from the vehicle. |
|
|
Inverters are generally capable of providing how many watts? |
5000 W |
|
|
Portable generators are powered by small gasoline or diesel engines and generally have capability to put out how many volts? |
110 to 220 V |
|
|
How many watts does it generally take to operate portable lights? |
300 to 1000 |
|
|
Fixed lights usually will have a capability to operate at how many watts per light? |
500 to 1500 |
|
|
What is the most common size of electrical power cord found on an aerial apparatus? |
12 gauge, three wire |
|
|
When talking about hydraulic tools, hose distances of how many feet or greater from the pump may have a diminishing affect on the tool operation? |
100 feet |
|
|
When talking about hydraulic tools, What can be connected to the end of the supply hose that can connect multiple tools? |
Manifold blocks |
|
|
What NFPA standard contains a list of the minimum equipment of hand tools with which each aerial apparatus should be equipped? |
NFPA 1901 |
|
|
What are some examples of lost control activities? |
Safe driving skills, water application techniques, salvage in overall.5000 W |
