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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sèvres plates popular motif
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laurel wreath
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popular textile motif
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Egyptian
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Swiss, worked in France from 1807, Prix de Rome 1813
Sculpture |
Jean-Jacques Pradier
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Pradier had what tendancy?
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to eroticize images
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what piece of Pradier's was controversial?
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Satyr & Bacchante Controversial: government of Louis-Philippe refused to buy it
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Sculpture, Grand Prix in 1812, becomes known for bronze
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Rude
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break from neoclassicism –
not a mythological subject contemporary lower-class character genre “picturesque” theme not considered appropriate for sculpture |
Rude
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What piece of Rude's was
Swaggering, complex, dramatic, Baroque quality departs from neoclassicism |
relief on Arc de Triomphe:
La Marseillaise (Departure of the Volunteers of 1792 |
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studied sculpture and painting; also with Napoleon’s master goldsmith
1831: attracts public attention with sculptures of wild predators |
Bayre
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project of Bayre, dropped
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chosen to create a colossal eagle for the top of the
Arc de Triomphe |
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how Rude made his money
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making small-
scale bronzes of animals in series that could be sold to upper-middle-class. Romanticism: wild animals, dramatic action, rough surfaces |
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Napoleon’s first great victories. Street in
Paris along Louvre & Tuileries palaces, renamed & redesigned as new urban space |
Rue de Rivoli
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Rue de Rivoli
Principal designer |
Percier
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The square laid out late 18th cent. as real estate speculation; now the Ritz
took influence from what? |
Vendôme Column
Trajan Column |
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How was Vendome different from Trajan?
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Instead of stone,
bronze relief cladding over stone core |
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Rude's success with Fisher Boy
led to commission for what? |
relief on Arc de Triomphe:
La Marseillaise (Departure of the Volunteers of 1792). |
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is the most important name
in 19th century French sculpture until ---- at the end of the century |
Rude, Rodin
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Prudhon
painting nature rich in Romantic symbolism |
Portrait of king in rome
Baby in wilderness |
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What helped Prud'hon in Neoclassical age?
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excellence in
drawing served |
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How is Prud'hon's style different than Davids?
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style & temperament
softer, more lyrical |
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Prud'hon, unusual for this era, interested in what?
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interested
in Baroque tenebrism |
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Re-appearance of standard
Christian iconography a fact |
of Catholic resurgence in
the Bourbon Restoration |
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student of David, Prix de Rome 1789, returned 1795
c • strong emotions and fantasy, especially eroticized imagery • eccentric, egotistical, bohemian, often worked at night • 1812 inherited a fortune and did little painting after that |
Girodet
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Girodet's style?
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technique neoclassical but spirit definitely Romantic
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the picture that made Girodet famous
seems |
homoerotic, although Diana
is present in the shaft of light |
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Another painting of Girodet's that may be homoerotic?
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Portrait of Jean-Baptiste Belley,
Deputy of Santo Domingo to Convention of France |
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Scandelous painting of Girodet?
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Mademoiselle Lange as Venus 1797 and as Danae 1798
Lange an actress (unsavory occupation). Story: she dislikes, he gets even |
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Painting that made David call Girodet a lunatic?
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The Spirits of French Heroes
Welcomed by Ossian into Odin’s Paradise |
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claimed
to have discovered & trans- lated works by 3rd-century Gaelic poet Ossian |
James MacPherson
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Girodet’s most famous painting
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Death of Atala
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Death of Atala expressed what?
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Christian faith and repressed sexuality among savages in the American wilderness
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Student of David,
friend and rival of Girodet |
Gerard
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Gerard painted whom?
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The women in Napoleon’s life
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How did Gerard rival Girodet?
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Ossian Awakening
the Spirits on the Banks of the Lora after 1801, for Napoleon (companion to Girodet’s |
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After restoration of the monarchy, Gérard named
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First painter to king
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Entered David’s studio
at age 14; to Italy to escape the Terror, met Napoleon there & became devoted to him. |
Gros
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Gros’s first commissioned portrait
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Painting of Napolean
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How is Gros different from David?
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Energetic and fluid, unlike David’s
strict, stoic neoclassicism |
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Although Gros received many honors
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felt out of place after fall of Napoleon
and increasingly frustrated with the lack of direction in his work. |
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Gros painting that caused a stir at the Salon
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Sappho at Leucadia
1801 |
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What marks Sappho as Romantic?
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eerie light effects and stormy
setting in addition to emotional anguish |
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Gros appointed as what?
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official campaign artist for Napolean
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Gros’s most famous painting
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Bonaparte at the Pest-House at Jaffa
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In Pest House painting, style more..
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Style more like Rubens than Poussin/David
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in French, the term for “hobby
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violon d’Ingres
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Ingres to Paris to study with
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Jacques-Louis David
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How did Ingres portrait of Napolean seem throwback to
15th cent. styles |
Objections to airless clarity,
obsessive detail, rigid formality |
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Ingres Trademark style
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precise, flowing contour line
in imitation of Raphael and Greek vase painting. |
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Jupiter and Thetis style
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Long, supple, almost eel-like
anatomy (back, throat, fingers) characteristic of Ingres |
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what led Ingres to stay in Rome
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Consistently poor reception of work in Paris
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How did Ingres follow the crowd?
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Songs of Ossian
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Ingres Perhaps most famous work
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the Grand Odalisque
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Odalisque means
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Harem woman
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rampant in early 19th century western Europe
Romanticism |
orientalism
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"That guy was an abstract painter ....
He looked at the canvas more often than at the model |
Barnett Newman, abstract expressionist
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Ingres brings up what image repeatedly?
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The Bather of Valpinçon
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Why did Manet reject Ingres art?
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polished linear quality
and the historical/mythological/exotic references |
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director of French Academy in Rome
several journeys to north Africa |
Vernet
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Vernet specialty
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battle scenes on enormous canvases, with descriptive detail
and oriental themes |
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How was Vernet's oriental images differnt from Ingres?
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Informed by observations in the field, more realistic
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Student of Vernet senior & neoclassicist Guérin,
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Géricault
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Géricault’s first major painting;
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Officer of the Hussars
ambitious, energetic, dramatic |
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Gericault's fav theme
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Horses
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After return from rome,
Gericault painted what? |
painted portraits of insane people (patients of a friend);
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What was interesting to Romantics?
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insanity (lack of reason) fascinating to post-Enlightenment Romanticism
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Gericault bizarre paintings
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severred body parts
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Themes of raft of medusa
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protest against corrupt authority
humanity’s battle with nature contemporary event |
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Medusa bound for
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Senegal
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student of Gros, successes begin 1820s
friend of Géricault and Delacroix both Neoclassical and Romantic qualities |
Delaroche
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highest status work of Delaroche
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hemicycle fresco
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Delaroche’s last work
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The Young Martyr
Drowned in the Tiber |
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Father of record a radical revolutionary,
but likely biological father Talleyrand, |
Delacroix
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Delacroix a committed _____, but drawn to _____
and _____ vigorous painterly style |
Neoclassicist
Baroque Gericault |
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Gros says what about Delacroix's Massacre at Chios
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massacre of art
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What was Death of Sardanapalus based of
Critics thought what? |
Lord Byron play
colors and lines too busy |
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Delacroix
Inspired by the events of the 1830 revolution |
Leading the People
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famous people delacroix painted
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Hugo, Balzac,
Stendhal, and George Sand, and the musicians Liszt, Berlioz, and Chopin |
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Delacroix accompanied a
French government mission to |
Algeria nad Morroco
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What frustrated Delacroix about Algeria?
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Islamic customs
kept the women covered up and indoors |
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Delacroix Sublime painting?
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The Fanatics of Tangier
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The greatest native artist of Spain between Velazquez and Picasso
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Goya
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Goya first major job and style
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paint cartoons for tapestry
Rococo |
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What life changing event happened to Goya that led to his alienation?
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serious illness (temporary paralysis, partial blindness) left him
completely deaf at age 46 |
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set of 80 etchings, biting symbolic satire of life published
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Los Caprichos:
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One of the most infamous royal portraits in history, was acutally what?
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Family of Charles IV
pompous idiots they were, and they were too stupid to know it |
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What was Family of Charles IV modled after?
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Velasquez Las Meninas
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Due to cultural taboos,
____ was extremely rare in Spanish |
nudity
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82 etchings
Never released to public in lifetime. Among most blood-curdling images |
Disasters of War
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Wellington Liberated Madrid
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In 1812
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gyEptian cavalry, serving in French
army, attacked by citizens of Madrid. |
May 2, 1808
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Third major set of etchings
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Disparate
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where he painted dramatic fantasies on the plaster walls.
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“Quinta del Sordo
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Ferdinand VII re-established absolute
monarchy in Spain, and liberals under pressure more than ever before |
1823
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The Vendôme Column
Percier |
w
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opened his own teaching studio specifically to challenge the
Ecole des Beaux-Arts |
Couture
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Couture best known painting
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Romans of the Decadence
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Photo based off Couture
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Oscar Rejlander
produced his famous “combination print” photograph, The Two Ways of Life |
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student of Delaroche
almost entire career outside the official limits of this course |
Gerome
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Gerome artwork represents what?
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represents the lingering neoclassical/Romantic
styles and themes in the time of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism |
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manages to combine a fantasy
of antiquity with sentimental Christianity in one work |
Age of Augustus
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Legend: the famous, wealthy courtesan is on trial in Athens; her beauty displayed
to the court demonstrates that she enjoys the favor of the gods and cannot be guilty. |
Phryne before the Areopagus
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Where did Gerome travel to?
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Constantine (istanbul and Cairo
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Mid-19th century reaction against slick, elite, escapist salon art;
emphasis on contemporary political conditions and the underclass |
Realism
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Never had a “classical” fine-art education; first artwork while employed
by a publisher-lithographer |
Daumier
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Caricature of king who eats all
the goods of the exhausted people and defecates decrees and edicts |
Daumier
Gargantua |
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caricatures of leading politicians, originally in clay
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Daumier
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At Transnonain street,
3 blocks from Daumier’s house, a police officer was shot. The police entered the tenements and massacred many innocent people |
La Rue Transnonain 1834
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It’s a pun: the word ventre in French also
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Belly
Le Ventre Legislatif (The Legislative Body) |
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Daumier had no patience for
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finicky detail of neoclassical style –
bold, simplified masses painted thickly; rather modern abstraction |
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most politically radical artist in France since David
very involved in socialist/communist movements |
Courbet
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Courbet said what about his painging Burial at Ornans
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I have buried romanticism
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