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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 6 major structures of the female reproductive tract? |
broad ligament, ovaries, oviduct, uterus, cervix, and vagina |
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What is the role of the broad ligament? |
-supports and houses vascular supply, lymphatic drainage and nerves -suspends the female reproductive tract in the abdomen |
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What is the role of the ovary? |
-production of oocytes -production of estradiol and progesterone |
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What is the role of the oviduct? |
-gamete/embryo transport -site of fertilization |
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What is the role of the uterus? |
depends on stage of female cycle -sperm transport to oviduct -maintains pre-implantation embryo -maternal portion of placenta- transfer of nutrients to fetus -expulsion of fetus and fecal placenta |
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What is the role of the cervix? |
-prevents microbial contamination of the uterus -site of semen deposition (sow, mare) -semen reservoir/sperm transport and selection |
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What is the role of the vagina? |
-organ of copulation -site of semen deposition (cows, eyes, queens, bitches) -birth canal |
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Name the 3 components of the broad ligament |
Mesovarium, mesosalpinx, mesometrium |
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What is the mesovarium for? |
-part of the BL -houses vascular supply, lymphatic drainage and nerves for the ovary -forms ovarian stem/hilus |
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What is the mesosalpinx for? |
-thin, transparent segment of the BL -supports the oviduct -forms pouch around ovary=bursa |
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What is the mesometrium for? |
-largest portion of BL -supports uterine horns |
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What is the utero-ovarian ligament? Is it part of the BL? |
it attaches the ovary and the uterus. NOT part of the BL |
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What is the order of follicular development? |
primordial follicle-->primary follicle-->secondary follicle-->tertiary follicle-->antral/graadian follicle-->corpus luteum-->corpus albicans |
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What are the 3 layers of the antral/graafian follicle? What do they do? |
theca externa: surrounds and supports follicle theca interna: produce androgens under influence of LH granulosa cell layer: provide variety of materials (eg. estrogen, inhibin, follicular fluid) and have FSH receptors |
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What does the CL produce? |
progesterone and oxytocin |
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What are the 3 parts of the ovary? |
1) Tunica Albuginea- outer 2) Ovarian Cortex- middle (except horses) 3) Ovarian Medulla- inner (except horses) |
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What does the ovarian cortex do? |
-houses the population of oocytes (except in the mare) -houses the CL, and the CA |
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What does the ovarian medulla do? |
houses the vasculature, nerves and lymphatics and is composed of dense connective tissue |
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What are the 4 layers of the female tract "tubing"? |
1) Serosa- outer 2) Muscularis 3) Submucosa 4) Mucosa- inner |
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What are the 3 main components of the oviduct? |
1) Infundibulum 2) Ampulla 3) Isthmus |
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What are the 2 transitional elements of the oviduct? |
1) Ampullary-Isthmic Junction (site of fertilization) 2) Uterotubal Junction (junction of uterus and oviduct) |
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What is the role of the infundibulum? |
funnel-shaped opening closes over the ovary, forms a pocket over the ovary -fimbrae (finger-like projections) sweep oocytes toward the oviduct |
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What is the role of the ampulla? |
-has large diameter and ciliated mucosa to transport oocytes to the point of fertilization |
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What is the role of the isthmus? |
small diameter tube that: -transports sperm to ampullary-isthmic junction (up) -transports embryos to the uterus (down) |
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What are the tissue layers of the uterus? |
1) Perimetrium (like serosa) 2) Myometrium (like muscularis) 3) Endometrium (like mucosa + submucosa) |
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What is the role of the myometrium? |
facilitates uterine contractions -sperm transport (post-coital) -expulsion of fetus and placenta (parturition) |
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What is the role of the endometrium? |
depends on stage of female cycle -secretions that enhance sperm and embryo survival -signals if pregnancy has been achieved -maternal portion of placenta and transfer of nutrients to fetus |
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What are the 3 types of uteri found in mammals? give an example of an animal for each |
1) Duplex- marsupials, rabbits 2) Bicornuate- mare, cow, ewe, goat, sow, bitch, queen 3) Simplex- primates |
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What are the 2 forms of the cervical lumen? give an example animal for each |
1) Single fold: bitch and queen 2) Multiple folds: cow, ewe, sow, mare |
