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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are tissues?
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Group of cells similar in structure and function.
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What are the four types of tissue?
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-Epithelial
-Connective -Muscle -Nervous |
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What is epithelial tissue?
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A sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity.
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What are the two types of epithelial tissue?
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-Covering and lining epithelia
-Gladular epithelia |
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Characteristcs of _____ tissue:
-Cells have polarity -Composed mostly of packed cells -Supported by a connective tissue -High rate of regeneration |
Epithelial.
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How many layers does Simple Epithelium have?
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One.
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How many layers does Stratified Epithelium have?
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More than one.
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What does Squamous mean?
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Scale like / Flat.
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What does Cuboidal mean?
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Cube-like.
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What does Columnar mean?
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Column-like.
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Simple Squamous is located in the _____ and the _____.
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Endothelium, Mesothelium.
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This type of Epithelial tissue is rare in the body.
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Stratified Cuboidal.
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Where is Stratified Cuboidal Epithelial tissue found?
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Sweat glands and Mammary glands.
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A _____ is one or more cells that make and secrete an aqueous fluid.
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Gland.
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Define: -crine
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To secrete
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Define: -endo
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Within
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Define: -exo
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Outside
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____ is a slimy coating that both protects and lubricates surfaces.
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Mucus.
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What are the two modes of secretion?
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Merocrine and Horocrine
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What tissue is the most abundant in the body?
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Connective tissue
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What are the four types of connective tissue?
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-Connective Tissue Proper
-Cartilage -Bone -Blood |
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Functions of ____ tissue:
-Bind and support -Protect -Insulation -Transportation |
Connective
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What are the 3 types of fibers?
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-Collagen
-Elastic -Reticular |
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What is the function of a macrophage?
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Phagocytizes tissue cells
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_____ is the most compressible type of cartilage.
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Fibroblasts
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A lymphocyte is also known as a ____.
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White Blood Cell.
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A fat cell is also known as ____.
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Adipose Cell
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______ are immune cells that detect foreign substances and inflammatory response
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Mast Cells
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What is the smallest blood vessel in the body?
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Capillary
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This is the most abundant type of WBC
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Neutrophil
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What are the 3 types of cartilage?
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-Hyaline
-Elastic -Fibrocartilage |
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What are Intercalated Disks?
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Specialized/unique connections between myocardial calls containing gap junctions and desmosomes.
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What are the three steps in tissue repair?
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1.Inflammation
2.Organization and Restored Blood Supply 3.Regeneration and Fibrosis |
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The Skin consists of 3 major regions; What are they?
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(From top to bottom)
1.Epidermis 2.Dermis 3.Hypodermis |
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The _____ layer is deep to the skin; not technically part of the skin.
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Subcutaneous
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The Epidermis is made up of ______ ______ ______ ______.
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Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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A Keratinocyte produces ______.
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Keratin
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A Melanocyte produces _______.
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Melanin.
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What are the 5 layers of the Epidermis?
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-Stratum Basale
-Stratum Spinosum -Stratum Granulosum -Stratum Lucidum -Stratum Corneum |
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Which layer of the Epidermis is the "Basal" layer?
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-Stratum Basale
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Which layer of the Epidermis is the "Prickly" layer?
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Stratum Spinosum
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Which layer of the Epidermis is the "Granular" layer?
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Stratum Granulosum
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Which layer of the Epidermis is the "Clear/Glass Layer" layer?
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Stratum Lucidum
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Which layer of the Epidermis is the "horny" layer?
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Stratum Corneum
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How long does it take for a cell to travel from the basal layer of the epidermis to the surface?
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25-45 days.
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______:
-Strong/Flexible connective tissue -Cells include fibroblasts, macrophages, and sometimes mast and WBC |
Dermis
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What are the two layers of the Dermis?
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-Papillary
-Recticular |
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The ____ layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissue with collagen, elastic fibers, and blood vessels.
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Papillary
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The ____ layer of the dermis makes up approx. 80% of the thickness.
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Recticular
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What are the three pigments that contribute to skin color?
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-Melanin
-Carotene -Hemoglobin |
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____ produces a reddish-brown to black that is responsible for dark skin colors.
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Melanin
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____ produces a yellow-orange color that can be found on the palms and soles of the feet.
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Carotene
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____ produces a pinkish color that is responsible for a pinkish/red hue to the skin.
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Hemoglobin
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____ colored skins are found near the equator and ____ colored skins are found near the poles.
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Darker, Lighter
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What are 3 appendages of the skin?
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-Sweat glands
-Oil Glands -Hairs/Hair follicles |
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What are the two main types of Sweat (sudoriferous) glands?
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-Eccrine
-Apocrine |
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What are the two main functions of hair?
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-Altering the body to presence of insects on the skin
-Guarding the scalp against physical trauma, heat loss, and sunlight |
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_____ consists of dead keratinized cells.
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Hair
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_____:
-extends from epidermal surfase into dermis |
Hair follicle
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________ is the smooth muscle attached to follicle and is responsible for goose bumps.
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Arrector Pilli
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_____ is pale, fine body hair found on children and adult females.
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Vellus
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____ is coarse, long hair of eyebrows, scalp, axillary, and pubic regions. (as well as on the neck and face of males.)
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Terminal
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_____ is hair thinning/baldness.
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Alopecia.
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Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is...
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..is an androgen (male sex hormone).
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_____ is excessive hair growth.
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Hirsutism (werewolf syndrome)
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What are the 6 functions of the integumentary system?
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-Protection
-Body temp regulation -Cutaneous sensations -Metabolic functions -Blood reservoir -Excretion |
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Most skin tumors are ______.
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Benign
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What are the three types of skin cancer? (from most common to less common)
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1.Basal Cell Carcinoma
2.Squamous Cell Carcinoma 3.Melanoma |
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What are the four symptoms of Melanoma? (A.B.C.D.)
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-Asymmetry
-Borders exhibits indentations -Color is black/brown/tan/red/blue -Diameter is larger than 6mm (tip of pencil) |
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Burns can be caused by....
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Heat, electricity, radiation, and certain chemicals.
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What are the 3 immediate threats of burns?
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-Dehydration
-Electrolyte imbalance -Renal shutdown and Circulatory Shock |
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_____ degree burns -- Epidermal damage only. Redness, swelling.
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First
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_____ degree burns -- Epidermal damage. Blisters.
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Second
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_____ degree burns -- entire thickness of skin damaged.
-Gray white, red, or black. -No initial pain -Skin grafting necessary |
Third
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