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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
At what angle does the medial column diverge from the humeral shaft? |
45 deg |
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What angle does the lateral column diverge from humeral shaft? |
20 deg |
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Through an arc of how much, is the trochlea covered with articular cartilage? |
300 deg |
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What shape is the capitellum? What direction is its radius of curvature wideR? |
Ellipsoid, medial-to-later curvature wider |
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What is the natural valgus tilt of the distal humerus articulation with respect to the long axis of the humerus? (AP view) |
6 Degrees |
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How much anterior rotation (lateral/sagittal view) does the humerus show wrt long axis of humerus |
30 degrees |
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On an axial view of the distal humerus, how many degrees of internal rotation b/w the articulation in reference to line connecting midportions of the epicondyles? |
5 to 7 degrees internal rotation
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What is the bow of the radius on the coronal plane? |
10.33 degrees |
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Which third of the radius is the apex? |
~middle third |
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What is the proximal radius saggital bow? |
4.66 degrees, apex volar |
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What is the radial head fixation "safe zone"? Its landmarks? |
110 degrees of nonarticular arc (for screw placement) Landmarks: palpation of radial styloid & lister's tubercle |
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What aspect of the coronoid articular surface, is a critical stabilizer of the elbow under varus & rotation stress? |
The anterio-medial facet |
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What is PUDA? |
Proximal Ulna Dorsal Angulation
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What is the contralateral PUDA measure reliable for? |
Determining angle in pts with communition/distorted anatomy |
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Mean PUDA angle? Location? |
5.7 degrees, 47 mm distal to tip of olecranon |
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What radiographic view is Baummann's angle measured? |
AP view of the distal humerus |
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What lines make up Baumman's angle? |
Intersect line drawn down humeral axis and a line drawn along growth plate of the lateral condyle
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What is the significance of the Baumman's angle? |
Meausure of an adequate reduction when compared with non-injured arm. Deviation of >5 degrees = inadequate |
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CRITOE acronym on physis fusion in a peds elbow |
Capitellum - 1 Radial head - 3 Internal - 5 Trochlea - 7 Olecranon - 9 External - 11 |
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The ages in order for CRITOE? |
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 C, R, I, T, O, E (odd numbers increasing by 2) |
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The PRUJ (prox-radio ulnar joint) has an arc of articulation of how much? |
60 to 70 degrees, highly congruous |
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True or false: no soft tissues structures routinely attach to the tip of the coronoid |
True |
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How many mm is the coronoid from the joint capsule? From brachialis? from MCL? |
6 mm, 12 mm, 18 mm |
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What are the 3 components of the medial (ulnar) collateral ligament? |
1. Anterior bundle 2. Transverse bundle/ligament 3. Posterior bundle |
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What are the 3 components of the lateral ligamentous complex? |
1. Annular ligament 2. Radial collateral ligament (RCL) 3. Lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)
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The 2 places the annular ligament attaches to? |
Anterior & posterior margins of the sigmoid (radial) notch
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The RCL attaches onto? |
Annular ligament |
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The RCL is taut at which point of elbow ROM? |
Taut through entire ROM |
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LUCL origin? |
Same as RCL, lateral epicondyle
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Where does the LUCL insert? |
Discrete insertion: tubercle of supinator crest |
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what is PLRI? |
Posterolateral radial instability |
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What elbow ligament is deficient in PLRI? |
LUCL |
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Insertion of anterior bundle of MCL? |
Sublime tubercle
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Which bundle of the UCL serves as the primary static stablizer to valgus stress? Through which angles of elbow flexion? |
Anterior bundle of UCL = primary stablizer 20 to 120 deg elbow flexion |
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How many bands to the anterior bundle of the UCL? |
3 bands (anterior, central, posterior band). |
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Which is the most important band of the Anterior Bundle? |
Central band |
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What is the central band of the Anterior bundle also known as? |
"Isometric bundle" |
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What is the function of the anterior bundle? |
Maintains normal elbow kinematics and stability throughout the arc of flexion. |
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Which band of the anterior bundle is most susceptible at higher flexion angles? |
Posterior band |
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Most susceptible at low flexion angle (or extension)? |
Anterior band |
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Which bundle of the MCL (UCL) can be relased to increase flexion in stiff elbow? |
The posterior bundle |
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Does the transverse bundle span the ulnohumeral joint? |
No, and has undetermined function |
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3 primary static stabilizers of the elbow: |
Ulno-humeral articulation MCL (i.e. UCL) |
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3 secondary static stabilizers to elbow: |
Radial head Joint capsule Cmmon flexor & extensor origins |
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3 contributors to Axial forearm stability |
Intact radial head (primary) TFCC & Interosseous membrane (secondary |
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Regarding force transmittance, radiocarpal joint absorts what percent of the load?
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80% Remaining 20%: ulna
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How many ligaments to the interosseous membrane? |
5 |
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IF radial head removed, what structure absorbs the axial load trasnmitted through fore-arm? |
IOM, 90% (central band contributes 71%) |
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The brachial artery lies deep to which structure? |
Deep to bicipital aponeurosis (aka lacertus fibrosis) |
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What is the course of the barchial artery? |
-Crosses infront of intramuscular septum -Lies anterior to medial aspect of brachialis m. -Enter anticubital space medial to biceps tendons, lateral to the n. |
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Where does the median n. cross the brachial a. ? |
Near mddile of arm, median n. crosses in front of and medial to artery |
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The radial a. enters the wrist between which 2 structures? |
Brachioradialis and FCR |
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The ulnar a. lies b/w which 2 structure PROXIMAL? |
B/w FDS and FDP muscle |
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The ulnar a. lies b/w which 2 structure DISTALLY? |
Travels with ulnar n. between FDS and FCU tendons |
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Is the ulnar a. deep or superficial to pronator teres? |
Deep |
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Is the radial a. deep or superficial to brachioradialis? |
Deep |
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The common interosseous artery is a branch of? |
The ulnar artery |
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What structure does the ANTERIOR interosseous artery travel with? |
The AIN |
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The radial recurrent (RR) artery forms an anastomoses with which artery? |
Radial collateral artery. |
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The anastomosis b/w RR and RC arteries supplies which structure of the elbow? |
The capitellum |
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What 3 things should you commit to memory for nerves? |
1. Its course 2. Order of muscular innervation 3. Potential sites of compression (clinical syndromes/correlation) |