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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Broad ligament of uterus
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Mesometrium: on the uterus
Mesosalpinx: around uterine tubes Mesovarium:around ovary When it covers ovarian vessels it is suspensory ligament of the ovary. |
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Ovaries
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1-2 inches long, epithelium is simple cuboidal
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Function of ovary
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Production of egg(ovum) in process called oogenesis. Meiosis is stopped in fetal life, then continues at puberty. Maturation occurs after puberty, during which the primary follicle bearing the primary oocyte is surrounded by a single layer of follicular epithelium.
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Graafian follicle
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Large mature follicle prior to rupture of ovum
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Ovulation
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Day15: ovum is released from graafian follicle, enters fallopian tube. Has large secretion of estradiol and progesterone.
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Blood supply of ovaries
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ovarian artery(from abd. aorta) and ovarian veins. Left ovarian vein: goes to left renal vein and then IVC, Right ovarian vein: directly to IVC
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Non-neoplastic ovarian cysts.
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Most common cause of ovarian enlargement( except when pregnant when luteal cysts are most common cause)
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Follicular cysts
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Unruptured follicles that may cause pain in abdomen when ruptured.
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome
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Most common endocrine female disorder. Hormonal disorder, increased LH and androgens, decreased FSH. Signs: many follicular cysts of ovaries, obesity, infertility due to lack of ovulation
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Ovarian tumors
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teratomas(germ cell tumors of the ovary), cystic teratomas can contain various tissues
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Retroverted uterus
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Associated with pain during intercourse, menstruation, back pain, spontaneous abortion, sterility. May be asymptomatic.
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Epithelium of uterus, and wall
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Simple high columnar. Wall is thick smooth muscle layer called myometrium.
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Vaginal epithelium
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stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
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Cervical incompetence
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Internal os is incompetent, repeated abortions Can treat with surgical treatment (shirodkar/mcdonal) to tie the cervix. Tie from 14-28 weeks, untie at 36 weeks.
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Dynamic support of uterus
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Supplied by pelvic diaphragm(levitator any and coccyges muscles)
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Passive support of uterus
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due to forward bend of the uterus over urinary bladder, prevents it from ring pushed out of genital opening.
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Prolapse
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When passive support of uterus is lost and uterus drops, or cervix drops into vagaina.
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Ligamentous support of the uterus
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transverse cervical lig. sacro cervical, pubocervical and the round ligament
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Blood supply of the uterus
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uterine artery( from internal iliac) and the ovarian artery. Drained by veins of same name
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Innervation of uterus
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Pelvic splanchnic nerve (S2,S3,S4)
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Pap smear
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Evaluate cervical pathology, counts various cell types, screens for premalignant of malignant changes
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Leiomyomas
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Smooth muscle tumors of the uterus, most common one in females. Symptomatic in 25% of females, 75% have them. Frequent in women older then 30.
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Site of fertilization
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Ampulla of the fallopian tube.
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Implantation of the ovum
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Should occur in the uterus. If occurs in fallopian tube then is a topic pregnancy, which can lead to rupture
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Epithelium of the fallopian tube
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simple high columnar ciliated, provides fluid for fertilized egg. Cilia helps move egg along.
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Blood supply of uterine tube
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ovarian a. (from abd. a.) and uterine (from internal iliac)
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Venous drainage of fallopian tube
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ovarine and uterine veins. Right: goes to IVC. Left: Goes to left renal vein
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Innervation of fallopian tube
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Pelvic splanchinc nerve (S2-S4)
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Douglas pouch
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rectouterine pouch, clinically important since abnormal fluid may accumulate here in standing position.
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Vaginal blood supply
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Vaginal, uterine, and internal pundel arteries.
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Contents of broad ligament
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Uterine vessels, ovarian vessels, suspensory lig. of ovary, parts of ovary, fallopian tube, ureter, transverse lig, fat/areolar tissue, ovarian lig, eppophoran, paroophoron, and gartners duct.
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Perineal body
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Site of attachment of the perineal muscles. All inn. by pudendal nerve.
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