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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the function of the epiglottis cartilage? |
Guardian of the airways, forms a lid over the larynx during swallowing |
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Who's cartilage in the larynx has a complete ring? |
Cricoid cartilage |
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Which cartilage forms the Adams apple? |
Thyroid cartilage and laryngeal prominence. |
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Name two functions of the nasal mucosal |
Moisten incoming air and filters particles in the air |
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Rings of the trachea are incomplete posteriorly, what is the significance of that? |
Tracheitis muscularis-The gap in the C allows room for the esophagus to expand is swallowed food passes by |
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Trace molecule of oxygen from the external nares to the pulmonary capillaries of the lungs: |
1. Nasal cavity 2. Pharynx 3. Trachea 4. Main bronchus 5. secondary bronchi 6. segmental bronchi 7. bronchiole 8. terminal bronchiole 1. Respiratory bronchiole 2. Alveolar duct 3. atrium 4. alveolus |
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The upper respiratory system structures are: |
1. External nose 2. Nasal cavity 3. Pharynx 4. Mouth 5. Larynx |
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The lower respiratory structures are: |
1. Trachea 2. Main primary bronchi 3. bronchioles 4. termal bronchioles 5. respiratory bronchioles 6. alveolar ducts 7. alveoli |
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Name the Paranasal sinuses and their function |
Frontal sinuses sphenoid sinuses Maxillary sinuses ethmoid sinuses |
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The hard plate separates the ___ cavity from the ___ cavity. |
nasal, oral |
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What is the function of the soft plate and uvula? |
Seals of the nasal passages with eating or drinking |
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Define cleft palate |
Is when the roof of the mouth contains an opening into the nose |
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The pharynx is commonly called |
throat |
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Which primary bronchus is wider, shorter and more vertical? |
Right |
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What type of epithelium will you find in the trachea? |
Trachea: peaudostratified ciliated Columnar epithelium Naso: Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium Oro: Stratified squamous epithelium Laryngopharynx: stratified squamous epithelium |
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What is the function of the cilia of the trachea? |
Trap particles coming in from the Nasal and oral cavities |
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The left primary bronchus divides into how many second bronchi? |
2 |
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The right primary bronchus divides into how many bronchi? |
3 |
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list the parts of the respiratory zone: |
respiratory membrane, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and respiratory bronchioles |
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Define the respiratory zone of the respiratory system |
where gas exchange occurs, change of 02 and C02 |
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List the parts of the conducting zone |
Nasal cavity to the terminal bronchioles |
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Define conductive zone of the respiratory system |
Access/exit routes from gas exchange chambers, dead zone, no gas exchange occurs here |
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List two functions of the respiratory system |
Provides 02 and eliminates Co2, sense of smell, moves air in and out of the lungs |
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What is the function and location of the Nasopharynx |
Provides for the passage of air from the nasal cavity, tonsils in the region provide protection from pathogens |
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What is the function and location of the oropharynx? |
Provides passage for air and swallowed food Tonsils provide protection against pathogens |
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Name the tonsils located in the oropharynx and nasopharynx |
Palatine, lingual, pharyngeal |
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The vocal cords are attached posterolaterally to this cartilage |
Thyroid cartilage |
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Name the two layers of the pleura |
Visceral pleura Parietal pleura |
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What are the layers of the respiratory membrane? |
Squamous alveolar cell squamous endothelial cell of the capillary shared basement membrane |
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Describe the hilum and the root of the lung |
Consist of the bronchi and the pulmonary arteries and veins. Medial aspect of the lung serves as a point of attachment for the lung. |
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Describe the cardiac impression and cardiac notch. |
Location where the heart resides within the lung |
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What is the function of the nasal concha? |
bony projections from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity covered by mucosa Create turbulence to increase the contact of inhaled air with mucus which traps dust and moistens the air |
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What is the function of the vestibular and vocal folds? |
Vocal: To protect the airway from choking on material in the throat. To regulate the flow of air into our lungs. The production of sounds used for speech. Vestibular: The vestibular folds of the larynx play a significant role in the maintenance of the laryngeal functions of breathing and preventing food and drink from entering the airway during swallowing. They aid phonation (speech) by suppressing dysphonia. |
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Name the layers of the trachea |
1. Mucosa 2. Submucosa 3. Hyaline cartilage 4. Adventitia areolar ct |
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Describe the blood supply to the lung |
Oxygen-depleted blood is pumped away from the heart via the pulmonary arteries.The lung's capillaries line small sacs in the lungs called the alveoli. The alveoli are the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs.Air is inhaled through the nose or the mouth and fills the lungs. Oxygen passively flows from the air inside the alveoli into the blood in the alveolar capillaries, while carbon dioxide passively flows in the opposite direction. The air, along with the diffused carbon dioxide, is then exhaled.The oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left heart, completing the pulmonary cycle. |
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Define pneumothorax |
Abnormal collection of air in the pleural space that causes the uncoupling of the lung from the chest wall |
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Define atelectasis |
Is the collapse or closure of the a lung resulting in reduced or absent exchange of gas |
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What is surfactant? |
Complex naturally occurring substance made of a lipids and proteins that is produced in the lungs. Reduces the surface tension in the lungs and helps make the small air sacs in the lungs more stable |