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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Adduction
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Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi
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Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Abduction
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Deltoid, supraspinatus
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Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Flexion
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Pectoralis major (clavicular part), deltoid (anterior part), coracobrachialis, biceps brachii
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Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Extension
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Latissimus dorsi, deltoid (posterior part)
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Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Medial Rotation
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Subscapularis, pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior), latissimus dorsi, teres major
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Movement at Glenohumeral Joint - Lateral Rotation
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Infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid (posterior)
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What are the rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder?
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Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis
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Origin of Supraspinatus
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Supraspinous fossa of scapula
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Insertion of Supraspinatus
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Superior facet of great tubercle of humerus
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What nerve innervates the supraspinatus?
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Suprascapular nerve
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What is the action of the supraspinatus?
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Abducts arm
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Origin of Infraspinatus
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Infraspinous fossa
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Insertion of Infraspinatus
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Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
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What nerve innervates the infraspinatus?
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Suprascapular nerve
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What is the action of the infraspinatus?
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Rotates arm laterally
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Origin of Teres Minor
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Upper portion of lateral border of scapula
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Insertion of Teres Minor
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Lower facet of greater tubercle of humerus
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What nerve innervates teres minor?
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Axillary nerve
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What is the action of teres minor?
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Rotates arm laterally
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Origin of Subscapularis
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Subscapular fossa
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Insertion of Subscapularis
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Lesser tubercle of humerus
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What nerves innervate the subscapularis?
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Upper and lower subscapular nerves
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What is the action of the subscapularis?
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Adducts and rotates arm medially
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Origin of Deltoid
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Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
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Insertion of Deltoid
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Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
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What nerve innervates the deltoid?
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Axillary
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What is the action of the deltoid?
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Abducts, flexes, extends, and rotates the arm medially and laterally
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Origin of Teres Major
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Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
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Insertion of Teres Major
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Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
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What nerve innervates the teres major?
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Lower subscapular nerve
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What is the action of the teres major?
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Adducts and rotates arm medially
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Origin of Latissimus Dorsi
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Spines of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12
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Insertion of Latissimus Dorsi
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Floor of biciptal groove of humerus
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What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?
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Thoracodorsal
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What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?
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Adducts, extends, and rotates arms medially
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Origin of Serratus Anterior
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External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs
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Insertion of Serratus Anterior
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Inserts into anterior surface of medial border of scapula
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Action of Serratus Anterior
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Stabilizes scapula, laterally rotates scapula, protracts scapula
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What nerve innervates serratus anterior?
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Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
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Superior transverse scapular ligament
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spans roof of suprascapular notch forming a foramen
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Suprascapular nerve
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passes through suprascapular notch foramen and innervates supra and infraspinatus muscles
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Boundaries of Quadrangular Space
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1. Teres major
2. Teres minor 3. Long head of triceps 4. Surgical neck of humerus |
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Quandrangular space contains what nerves?
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Axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery
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Boundaries of Triangular Space
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1. Teres major
2. Teres minor 3. Long head of triceps |
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Triangular space contains what artery?
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Circumflex scapular artery (branch of subscapular artery)
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C5 dermatome
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tip of shoulder
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C6 dermatome
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thumb
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C7 dermatome
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index finger
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C8 dermatome
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little finger
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T1 dermatome
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medial arm
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Most commonly injured tendon of rotator cuff
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supraspinatus
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Fractures of surgical neck of humerus damage what nerve?
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Axillary...resulting in deltoid paralysis/weakness
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Sternoclavicular joint is what type of joint?
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'saddle type' synovial joint
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SC joint capsule reinforced by...
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anterior and posterior SC ligaments, interclavicular ligament
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Costoclavicular ligament
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anchors sternal end of clavicle to 1st rib
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Acromioclavicular joint is what type of joint?
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plane type synovial joint between acromion and clavicle
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Acromioclavicular ligament
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provides superior strength to the joint capsule
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Coracoclavicular 'extrinsic' ligaments
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strong pair of bands that unite coracoid process and clavicle (trapezoid & conoid ligaments)
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Muscles that elevate scapula
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trapezius (upper part), levator scapulae
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Muscles that depress scapula
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trapezius (lower part), serratus anterior, pectoralis minor
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Pectoralis Major - 2 heads of origin
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clavicular and sternocostal
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Insertion of Pectoralis major
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lateral lip of bicipital groove (intertubercular sulcus of humerus)
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Action of Pectoralis major
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adductor of arm, medial rotator of arm, flexes arm at shoulder joint
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What nerves innervate pectoralis major?
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medial & lateral pectoral nerves
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Origin of Pectoralis minor
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Anterior surface of 3rd-5th ribs
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Insertion of Pectoralis minor
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Coracoid process of scapula
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Action of Pectoralis minor
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stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall; also small respiratory action
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What nerves innervate pectoralis minor?
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medial pectoral nerve
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Branch of 1st part of axillary artery
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superior thoracic artery
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2 branches of 2nd part of axillary artery
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thoracoacromial trunk, lateral thoracic artery
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3 branches of 3rd part of axillary artery
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subscapular, anterior humeral circumflex, posterior humeral circumflex
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Subscapular artery
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largest branch supplies muscles and anastomoses around the scapula, gives rise to the thoracodorsal artery and the scapular circumflex
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Anterior & Posterior Humeral Circumflex
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help vascularize humerus and surrounding muscles
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Musculocutaneous nerve innervates...
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flexors of arm
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Ulnar nerve innervates...
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intrinsic muscles of the hand and some forearm flexors
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Axillary nerve innervates...
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deltoid & teres minor
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Radial nerve innervates...
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extensors of arm & forearm
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Median nerve innervates...
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most forearm flexors and thenar muscles
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Pre-fixed brachial plexus
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when plexus has large contribution from C4 but lacks T1 (essentially arises from C4-C8)
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Post-fixed brachial plexus
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plexus lacks C5 but has large T2 contribution(essentially arises from C6-T2)
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Intercostobrachial Nerve
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lateral cutaneous branch of T2 intercostal nerve that supplies a very small region of skin sensation along medial aspect of arm
- only nerve to upper limb that does not originate from plexus |
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Cephalic Vein
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ascends anterior lateral aspect of arm - courses through deltopectoral triangle where it joins axillary vein
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Deltopectoral Triangle
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boundaries are clavicle, pectoralis major, deltoid
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Basilic Vein
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ascends anterior medial aspect of arm - pierces brachial fascia in the middle of the arm to join the brachial vein
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Median cubital vein
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anterior to elbow, connects basilic and cephalic veins
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Anterior compartment of the arm innervated by....
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musculocutaneous nerve!
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Short head of biceps brachii originates from..
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coracoid process of scapula
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Long head of biceps brachii originates from...
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supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
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transverse humeral ligament
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holds tendon of long head into intertubucular sulcus
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Insertion of Biceps brachii
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Proximal radius (radial tuberosity) and antebrachial fascia via bicipital aponeurosis
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Action of biceps brachii
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flexes shoulder joint, supinator of forearm, flexor of forearm
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What nerve innervates biceps brachii?
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musculocutaneous nerve!
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Origin of coracobrachialis
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coracoid process
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Insertion of coracobrachialis
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middle 1/3 of humerus
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Action of coracobrachialis
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Flexor, adductor of arm
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What nerve innervates coracobrachialis?
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Musculocutaneous nerve - pierces the coracobrachialis
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Origin of brachialis
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Distal 1/2 of humerus
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Insertion of brachialis
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Proximal ulna (tuberosity of ulna)
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Action of brachialis
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flexor of forearm (elbow)
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What nerve innervates brachialis?
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musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
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Musculocutaneous nerve courses into the forearm as....
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lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, which is sensory nerve to lateral aspect of forearm
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Brachial artery
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- main arterial supply to arm
- continuation of axillary artery - accompanies median nerve throughout its course - provides arterial supply to muscles of arm and humerus - divides into radial and ulnar branches beneath bicipital aponeurosis |
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Branches of brachial artery
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1. deep brachial artery - largest branch and accompanies the radial nerve through radial groove; continues as radial and middle collateral arteries
2. superior ulnar collateral artery - accompanies ulnar nerve posterior to medial epicondyle 3. Inferior ulnar collateral artery - Terminal brances = radial and ulnar arteries |
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Posterior compartment of arm innervated by...
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radial nerve
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Long head of triceps originates from..
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infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
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Origin of lateral head of triceps
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posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove
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Origin of medial head of triceps
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posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
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Insertion of all heads of triceps brachii
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Olecranon process of ulna
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Action of triceps brachii
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Prime extensor of forearm
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What nerve innervates triceps brachii?
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Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
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Medial group of lymphatic vessels accompany...
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basilic vein
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Lateral group of lymphatic vessels accompany...
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cephalic vein
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