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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
roughages are needed for _________________
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bulk in ruminant rations (the basis of ruminant diets)
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carbonaceous concentrates are _____ in energy and ____ in fiber
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high in energy and low in fiber
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#1 feed (carbonaceous concentrate)
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corn
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other carbonaceous concentrates
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sorghum grains, oats, barley, wheat, molasses, animal fats
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stomach has a pH of ____
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2-3
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____ has no gallbladder
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horse
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where colic? cecum..... rumen/ferm.
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idk
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breakdown of fibrous feeds (end product)
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VFAs are end product
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omasum has...
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many plies
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eructation
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belching of CO2 and methane gases
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________ is the most commonly limiting nutrient affecting repro
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energy
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every hormonal activity during repro is initiated in the
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hypothalamus
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hypothalamic hormone that secretes LH and FSH by the anterior pituitary
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GnRH
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3 things that FSH does
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induces follicular development, induces estrogen production, and stimulates spermatogenesis
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inhibin does what?
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reduces FSH
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progesterone is often called
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the hormone of pregnancy
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progesterone does what
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negative feedback to hypothalamus
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hormone that is responsible for milk letdown
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oxytocin
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prostoglandin is produced by what?
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fertilized ovum
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spermatic cord contains what 3 things?
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vas deferens, pampiniform plexus, and external cremaster muscle nerves
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cells that support spermatogenesis
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sertoli cells
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cells that synthesize testosterone
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leydig cells
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testis need to be ____ deg C cooler than rest of body for spermatogenesis to occur
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3-5 deg C
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4 ways the scrotum maintains temp
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location of testes outside of body core, low insulation, sweat gland, tunica dartos muscle
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_____% of sperm are stored in the cauda
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70%
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____ days of sperm production is stored in cauda
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4
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boars have ________ shaped penis
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corkscrew
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stallion penis ________ during ejac, so it'll force sperm directly into uterus
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bells out
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sheep has sperm concentration of
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3.0 (biggest concentration)
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swine has sperm volume of
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225-400 (biggest volume)
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3 parts of female repro
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uterine body, cervix, vagina
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cows uterine horns are _______ in long
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7-8 inches (bipartite)
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ovary produces ______ and _______
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estrogen and progesterone
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infundibulum
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catches ovum after ovulation
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follicle
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blister-like structure on ovary that contains ovum and hormone rich fluid
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graffian follicle
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mature follicle
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